efeitos de absorventes de umidade e de aditivos químicos e microbianos sobre o valor nutritivo, o perfil fermentativo e as perdas em silagens de capim-marandu effect of moisture absorbents, chemical and microbial additives on the nutritional value, fermentative profile and losses of brachiaria brizantha cv. palisadegrass silages

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ID: 251068
2009
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Abstract
Objetivou-se avaliar o valor nutritivo, o perfil fermentativo e as perdas de silagens de capim-marandu submetidas aos efeitos de absorventes de umidade e aditivos. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 3 × 5, com três teores de matéria seca (obtidos com adição de polpa cítrica (PCP) ou casca de soja (CSP), ambas peletizadas, em comparação à ausência de aditivos) e cinco aditivos (ausência ou presença de inoculante bacteriano, benzoato de sódio ou ácido fórmico 62% ou 44%). O arranjo resultou em 15 silagens, com 4 repetições, portanto 60 silos experimentais. Avaliaram-se o valor nutritivo, as perdas por gases e efluente e a recuperação de matéria seca (MS). A adição de polpa cítrica ou casca de soja peletizada elevou os teores de MS (29,4 e 28,9%), o que reduziu a produção de efluente (4,1 e 3,8 kg/t MV) e disponibilizou substratos fermentescíveis aos microrganismos, fato confirmado pela maior capacidade fermentativa e pela digestibilidade das silagens. Os aditivos à base de ácido fórmico foram mais efetivos em preservar carboidratos solúveis e proteína, o que culminou em maior digestibilidade. Esses aditivos também reduziram as perdas por gases e elevaram a recuperação de MS. O inoculante contendo bactérias homoláticas não diferiu desses aditivos quanto à digestibilidade das silagens e ainda reduziu as perdas por gases. Entre os aditivos, o benzoato foi o menos efetivo em alterar o padrão fermentativo das silagens de capim-marandu. O valor nutritivo e as perdas da silagem com teor de umidade original, não aditivada, podem ser considerados satisfatórios, contudo, a polpa cítrica e principalmente a casca de soja peletizadas se mostraram opção interessante e devem ser mais estudadas. O uso de aditivos contendo ácido fórmico também deve ser mais explorado com gramíneas tropicais, pois promove benefícios ao longo de todo processo fermentativo.
The objective of this trial was to evaluate the nutritional value, fermentation profile and dry matter losses of Palisadegrass silages ensiled with either dried citrus pulp, soybean hulls, chemical or microbial additives. The trial was carried out in a completely randomized experimental design and in a factorial arrangement (3 × 5), with three dry matter levels (wet forage or forage ensiled with pelleted citrus pulp or pelleted soybean hulls) and five additives (without or with the presence of bacterial inoculants or the addition of: sodium benzoate, formic acid in the concentration of 62% or 44%), totalizing 15 treatments and 60 experimental silos. The variables analyzed were: nutritional value, losses due to gases and effluents, and dry matter recovery. The use of dried citrus pulp or soybean hulls at the ensiling time increased the dry matter content (29.4 and 28,9%) and decreased the effluent production (4.1 and 3.8 kg/t of fresh matter), also providing fermentable substrate to microorganisms, resulting in increased fermentation coefficient and digestibility of silages. The use of formic acid resulted in silages with higher digestibility and increased water-soluble carbohydrates and crude protein content. This additive was also effective in reducing the losses due to gases and, as a result, increased the total dry matter recovery. The treatment containing homolactic bacteria showed similar trend of increasing the digestibility and reducing the losses due to gases. The use of sodium benzoate was less effective in altering the fermentation pattern of tropical silages. The nutritional value and total dry matter losses of silages ensiled without additives can be considered satisfactory. However, wet forage ensiled with dried citrus pulp and, mainly, with soybeans hulls showed the best results. Treatments containing formic acid had a beneficial effect on the fermentation profile of tropical grass silages.
Reference Key
ribeiro2009revistaefeitos Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;José Leonardo Ribeiro;Luiz Gustavo Nussio;Gerson Barreto Mourão;Oscar Cezar Muller Queiroz;Mateus Castilho Santos;Patrick Schmidt
Journal european journal of lipid science and technology
Year 2009
DOI
10.1590/S1516-35982009000200003
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982009000200003
Keywords
lactic acid formic acid gases effluent

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