operation modes research of liquefied natural gas storages as a part of the ground complexes equipment
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Abstract
The use of the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in the space-rocket equipment is motivated by some advantages. That is why a lot of tests and works are actively carried out now on rocket engines using liquefied natural gas.
To provide the engine tests and subsequent rocket complex operation a creation of LNG storages is demanded as a part of ground processing equipment and support for their safe operation conditions.
One of LNG danger factor is its low boiling temperature, and also changing the condition, density and LNG boiling temperature at storage due to evaporation of light component, namely methane. At refill of the storages having fuel remains with a new LNG portion these factors can lead to formation of the stratified macro-layers and cause a mode of the intensive mixing that is called "rollover", with almost instant evaporation of LNG big mass and sharp pressure boost, capable to result in the storage distraction with catastrophic effects.
The work objectives are formulated such as a technique development for forecasting of the LNG parameters in operating storages including the rollover mode, a comparison of calculated results of the LNG parameters with the experimental data, and a definition of possible recommendations for safe operation of LNG storages as a part of the ground complexes equipment.
The paper reviews 12 publications concerning the issues and proceeding processes at operation of LNG storages, including the rollover mode.
To verify the reliability of process simulation results in the LNG, represented in models by the binary methane-ethane mixture the calculated values have been compared with the experimental data for a LNG storage mode in the reservoir of a ground test complex.
The reliability of developed models of the heat-mass-exchange processes in stratified on density and temperature in LNG storage with emergence of conditions for the rollover mode has been verified by comparing the settlement characteristics to the published experimental data. The estimated time before a rollover differs from the experimental value by 2,7%. The relative error of other modelled characteristics of LNG does not exceed 2,5%.
Conclusions are drawn on the possibility to use the technique based on the thermodynamics equations of irreversible processes in a binary methane-ethane mixture to forecast working parameters of LNG storages operation as a part of the ground complexes equipment. The techniques to except the rollover mode can be based on keeping a stable LNG composition in the storage and arranging the fuel mixing when performing operations of storage refill and its draining from rocket fuel tanks at start cancellation.
| Reference Key |
korolev2014naukaoperation
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| Authors | ;N. S. Korolev;I. V. Barmin;V. V. Chugunkov |
| Journal | BMJ open |
| Year | 2014 |
| DOI |
10.7463/0314.0700530
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| URL | |
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