root proteomic analysis of grapevine rootstocks inoculated with rhizophagus irregularis and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. herbemontis

análise proteômica radicular de porta-enxertos de videira inoculados com *Rhizophagus irregularis* e *Fusarium oxysporum* f. sp. *herbemontis*

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Abstract
ABSTRACT Grapevine decline and death caused by the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. herbemontis is among the main phytosanitary problem for viticulture in southern Brazil. The eradication of infected plants is presently the most common procedure for disease control in vineyards. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is an option to reduce or neutralize the negative impacts of soil pathogenic microorganisms, but the mechanisms of plant response involved in this process are not yet completely elucidated. In order to better understand these mechanisms, an experiment was carried out to identify proteins related to plant defence induced by the mycorrhizal fungus after infection with the pathogenic fungus. We used the grapevine rootstocks SO4 and R110 (susceptible and resistant to the pathogenic fungus, respectively) inoculated or not inoculated with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, and inoculated or not inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. herbemontis. Growth of the rootstocks’ shoot and root and presence of pathogenic symptoms were evaluated. The protein profiles of roots were characterized by two-dimensional electrophoresis and proteins were identified using mass spectrometry. The grapevine rootstocks inoculated with R. irregularis had higher biomass production and lower level of pathogenic symptoms. The R110 rootstock differentially accumulated 73 proteins, while SO4 accumulated 59 proteins. Nine plant-defence proteins were expressed by SO4 rootstock, and six were expressed by R110 rootstock plants. The results confirm the effect of mycorrhizal fungi in plant growth promotion and their potential for biological control against soil pathogenic fungus. Protein expression is dependent on rootstock characteristics and on the combination of plant material with the fungi.
RESUMO O declínio e a morte de videiras causados pelo fungo patogênico *Fusarium oxysporum* f. sp. *herbemontis* estão entre os principais problemas fitossanitários da viticultura no sul do Brasil. A erradicação de plantas infectadas é atualmente o procedimento mais comum para o controle da doença em vinhedos. A inoculação com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares é uma alternativa para reduzir ou neutralizar os impactos negativos de microrganismos patogênicos do solo, contudo os mecanismos de resposta da planta envolvidos nesse processo ainda não estão completamente elucidados. Com o objetivo de compreender melhor esses mecanismos, foi conduzido um experimento para identificar proteínas relacionadas à defesa vegetal induzidas pelo fungo micorrízico após a infecção pelo fungo patogênico. Utilizaram-se os porta-enxertos de videira SO4 e R110 (suscetível e resistente ao fungo patogênico, respectivamente), inoculados ou não com o fungo micorrízico *Rhizophagus irregularis*, e inoculados ou não com *Fusarium oxysporum* f. sp. *herbemontis*. Avaliaram-se o crescimento da parte aérea e do sistema radicular dos porta-enxertos e a presença de sintomas patogênicos. Os perfis proteicos das raízes foram caracterizados por eletroforese bidimensional e as proteínas foram identificadas por espectrometria de massas. Os porta-enxertos de videira inoculados com *R. irregularis* apresentaram maior produção de biomassa e menor nível de sintomas patogênicos. O porta-enxerto R110 acumulou diferencialmente 73 proteínas, enquanto o SO4 acumulou 59 proteínas. Nove proteínas de defesa vegetal foram expressas pelo porta-enxerto SO4 e seis foram expressas pelas plantas do porta-enxerto R110. Os resultados confirmam o efeito dos fungos micorrízicos na promoção do crescimento vegetal e seu potencial para o controle biológico contra o fungo patogênico do solo. A expressão proteica é dependente das características do porta-enxerto e da combinação do material vegetal com os fungos.
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Authors ;Elisa Vilvert;Murilo Dalla Costa;Gabriela Claudia Cangahuala-Inocente;Paulo Emílio Lovato
Journal Revista de saude publica
Year Year not found
DOI
10.1590/18069657rbcs20160134
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832017000100401&lng=en&tlng=en
Keywords
mycorrhiza proteinsagriculture (general)

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