efeito da queima da palhada da cana-de-açúcar e de aplicações de vinhaça e adubo nitrogenado em características tecnológicas da cultura effect of pre-harvest burning and applications of nitrogen fertilizer and vinasse on sugarcane industrial characteristics

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ID: 236161
2006
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Abstract
As práticas da queima, aplicação de vinhaça e fertilizante nitrogenado são comuns na cultura de cana-de-açúcar. No entanto, estudos de longa duração são pouco encontrados na literatura. Neste trabalho, realizado na Usina Cruangi, Timbaúba, PE, transição entre a Zona da Mata e o Agreste daquele Estado, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da aplicação de N (80 kg ha-1 na forma de uréia), da vinhaça (80 m³ ha-1) e da queima (com ou sem queima) da palhada antes do corte, entre 1983 e 1999, em características tecnológicas da cultura de cana-de-açúcar. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial completo 2 x 2 x 2, e quatro repetições. O experimento teve duas fases: a primeira, de 1983-1992, e a segunda, de 1992-1999. A aplicação de N afetou as características tecnológicas da cana-de-açúcar; no entanto, o ganho de produtividade de colmos proporcionado por esta prática favoreceu a produção de açúcar e compensou tais efeitos. A aplicação de vinhaça e a manutenção da palhada no sistema não afetaram, de forma consistente, as características tecnológicas da cultura de cana-de-açúcar, embora tenham influenciado, de forma positiva, a produção de açúcar, de acordo com o ganho de produtividade.
Practices of pre-harvest burning and the application of vinasse and N fertilizer are common in sugarcane cultivation. However, results of few long-term studies have been published. This study carried in sugarcane plantations of Cruangi sugar mill, Timbaúba, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, located in the semi-arid-wet transition region of the State aimed at studying the effects of vinasse (80 m³ ha-1) and nitrogen fertilizer (N - 80 kg ha-1) and two harvesting systems (with or without pre-harvest burning) on sugarcane yield and industrial parameters in a long-term study (1983 to 1999). The experiment was set up in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design in complete randomized blocks with four replicates and had two phases (1983 - 1992 and 1992 - 1999). Nitrogen application negatively affected the technical characteristics of sugarcane, although the yield gain proportioned by this practice favoured the overall sugar yield and compensated the such negative effects. The application of vinasse and the maintenance of cane trash in the system had no consistent effect on the industrial sugarcane parameters, although once again there was an overall gain in sugar production due to the higher yields.
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Authors ;Alexander Silva de Resende;Adriano Santos;Rogério Pontes Xavier;Celso Henrique Coelho;Antônio Gondim;Octávio Costa Oliveira;Bruno José Rodrigues Alves;Robert Michael Boddey;Segundo Urquiaga
Journal Revista de saude publica
Year 2006
DOI
10.1590/S0100-06832006000600003
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832006000600003
Keywords
sugar

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