seletividade de alguns agrotóxicos em uso na citricultura ao ácaro predador neoseiulus californicus (mcgregor) (acari: phytoseiidae) residual toxicity of the main pesticides recommended in citrus orchards on predaceous mite neoseiulus californicus (mcgregor) (acari: phytoseiidae)
seletividade de alguns agrotóxicos em uso na citricultura ao ácaro predador neoseiulus californicus (mcgregor) (acari: phytoseiidae) toxicidade residual dos principais agrotóxicos recomendados em pomares de citros sobre o ácaro predador neoseiulus californicus (mcgregor) (acari: phytoseiidae)
Селективность некоторых пестицидов, применяемых в цитрусоводстве, в отношении хищного клеща Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Остаточная токсичность основных пестицидов, рекомендованных для цитрусовых садов, в отношении хищного клеща Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
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Abstract
This work was carried out to determine the residual toxicity of the main pesticides used in citrus, on Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) under laboratory conditions. For this, it was used the residual contact bioassay. Citrus leaves of the variety "Pêra" were sprayed in a Potter tower. The residual action was evaluated at 2 hours and 1; 3; 5; 7; 10; 14 e 21 days after treatment. Ten adult females of N. californicus were transferred to each ring, together with an enough amount of Tetranychus urticae nymphs and adults to feed the predator. Mortality evaluations were performed at 72 hours after treatment. Bioassays indicate that the pesticides: acrinathrin, deltamethrin, dinocap, sulphur, fenpropathrin, fenbutatin oxide and propargite were innocuous to N. californicus. On the other hand, abamectin, azocyclotin e cyhexatin caused mortalities of 29.8; 32.0 e 34.1%, respectively, two hours after transference. Dicofol, pyridaben and chlorfenapyr were extremely toxic to the predator mite, causing 100% of mortality two hours after the application. This way, to this population of N. californicus, the releases can be performed safely 3 days after the application, except for cyhexatin (5 days), dicofol and pyridaben (14 days) and chlorfenapyr (21 days), without risk of significant adult mortality rates due to the application of pesticides.
Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar a toxicidade residual dos principais agrotóxicos utilizados em citros sobre Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor), em condições de laboratório. Para isso, utilizou-se o bioensaio de contato residual. Folhas de citros da variedade "Pêra" foram pulverizadas em torre de Potter. A ação residual foi avaliada a 2 horas e aos 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 e 21 dias após o tratamento. Dez fêmeas adultas de N. californicus foram transferidas para cada anel, juntamente com uma quantidade suficiente de ninfas e adultos de Tetranychus urticae para a alimentação do predador. As avaliações de mortalidade foram realizadas 72 horas após o tratamento. Os bioensaios indicam que os agrotóxicos acrinathrin, deltamethrin, dinocap, enxofre, fenpropathrin, óxido de fenbutatin e propargite foram inócuos a N. californicus. Por outro lado, abamectin, azocyclotin e cyhexatin causaram mortalidades de 29,8; 32,0 e 34,1%, respectivamente, duas horas após a transferência. Dicofol, pyridaben e clorfenapyr foram extremamente tóxicos ao ácaro predador, causando 100% de mortalidade duas horas após a aplicação. Dessa forma, para essa população de N. californicus, as liberações podem ser realizadas com segurança 3 dias após a aplicação, exceto para cyhexatin (5 dias), dicofol e pyridaben (14 dias) e clorfenapyr (21 dias), sem risco de taxas significativas de mortalidade de adultos em decorrência da aplicação de agrotóxicos.
Данная работа была проведена с целью определения остаточной токсичности основных пестицидов, применяемых на цитрусовых культурах, для Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) в лабораторных условиях. Для этого использовался метод биотестирования на остаточное контактное действие. Листья цитрусовых сорта «Pêra» обрабатывали в башне Поттера. Остаточное действие оценивали через 2 часа, а также через 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 и 21 день после обработки. В каждое кольцо помещали по десять взрослых самок N. californicus совместно с достаточным для питания хищника количеством нимф и имаго Tetranychus urticae. Оценку смертности проводили через 72 часа после заселения. Результаты биотестирования показали, что пестициды акринатрин, дельтаметрин, динокап, сера, фенпропатрин, фенбутатиноксид и пропаргит оказались безвредными для N. californicus. В свою очередь, абамектин, азоциклотин и цигексатин приводили к гибели 29,8, 32,0 и 34,1% особей соответственно через два часа после пересадки. Дикофол, пиридабен и хлорфенапир проявили чрезвычайно высокую токсичность для хищного клеща, вызвав 100%-ную гибель через два часа после нанесения. Таким образом, выпуск особей данной популяции N. californicus может безопасно осуществляться через 3 дня после обработки без риска значительной гибели имаго от пестицидов, за исключением цигексатина (5 дней), дикофола и пиридабена (14 дней), а также хлорфенапира (21 день).
| Reference Key |
silva2006revistaseletividade
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;Marcos Zatti da Silva;Carlos Amadeu Leite de Oliveira |
| Journal | technocom |
| Year | 2006 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0100-29452006000200011
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| URL | |
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