role of type i and ii interferons in colorectal cancer and melanoma

Papel de los interferones de tipo I y II en el cáncer colorrectal y el melanoma

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ID: 206506
2017
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Abstract
Cancer can be considered an aberrant organ with a hierarchical composition of different cell populations. The tumor microenvironment, including the immune cells and related cytokines, is crucial during all the steps of tumor development. In particular, type I and II interferons (IFNs) are involved in a plethora of mechanisms that regulate immune responses in cancer, thus balancing immune escape versus immune surveillance. IFNs are involved in both the direct and indirect regulation of cancer cell proliferation and metastatic potential. The mutational background of genes involved in IFNs signaling could serve as a prognostic biomarker and a powerful tool to screen cancer patients eligible for checkpoint blocking therapies. We herewith describe the latest findings regarding the contribution of IFNs in colorectal cancer and melanoma by researching their dual role as either tumor promoter or suppressor, in diverse tumor types, and microenvironmental context. We are reporting the most innovative and promising approaches of IFN-based therapies that have achieved considerable outcomes in clinical oncology practice and explain the possible mechanisms responsible for their failure.
El cáncer puede considerarse un órgano aberrante con una composición jerárquica de diferentes poblaciones celulares. El microambiente tumoral, incluidas las células inmunitarias y las citocinas relacionadas, es crucial durante todas las etapas del desarrollo tumoral. En particular, los interferones (IFN) de tipo I y II participan en una plétora de mecanismos que regulan las respuestas inmunitarias en el cáncer, equilibrando así el escape inmunitario frente a la inmunovigilancia. Los IFN intervienen tanto en la regulación directa como indirecta de la proliferación de las células cancerosas y de su potencial metastásico. El trasfondo mutacional de los genes implicados en la señalización de los IFN podría servir como biomarcador pronóstico y como una herramienta poderosa para seleccionar a los pacientes con cáncer candidatos a terapias de bloqueo de puntos de control. Describimos a continuación los hallazgos más recientes relativos a la contribución de los IFN en el cáncer colorrectal y el melanoma mediante el análisis de su doble función como promotores o supresores tumorales, en diversos tipos de tumores y contextos microambientales. Asimismo, exponemos los enfoques más innovadores y prometedores de las terapias basadas en IFN que han alcanzado resultados considerables en la práctica oncológica clínica y explicamos los posibles mecanismos responsables de su fracaso.
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franco2017frontiersrole Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Simone Di Franco;Alice Turdo;Matilde Todaro;Matilde Todaro;Giorgio Stassi
Journal sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
Year 2017
DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00878
URL
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00878/full
Keywords
Cancer melanoma interferon colon allergy cancer progressionimmunologic diseases

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