perspectivas sobre el desarrollo económico localizado
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2002
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Abstract
La creciente movilidad de la producción y de los factores de producción puede haber generado una reversión de la polarización. Sin embargo, el desarrollo económico se localiza crecientemente en aglomeraciones económicas. La globalización es un fenómeno muy localizado. El propósito de este artículo es revisar tres perspectivas parcialmente sobrepuestas sobre el desarrollo económico local. Estas perspectivas corresponden en gran medida a tres factores que refuerzan la naturaleza localizada del desarrollo económico, es decir externalidades, aprendizaje colectivo y gobernabilidad. Las externalidades se refieren a fenómenos conocidos asociados con aglomeración. Más nuevo es el hecho de que constituyen una fuente de retornos crecientes. Se revisará esta nueva escuela de economía geográfica. Al mismo tiempo surgió una nueva geografía económica en base a agrupamientos y distritos industriales. Las externalidades se extienden y cambian de forma. La dinámica del desarrollo económico local puede ser vista desde la perspectiva de la economía evolucionaria. El aprendizaje en general y el aprendizaje colectivo en particular son conceptos centrales a nivel de las empresas y también a nivel de las instituciones territoriales. El aprendizaje aumenta y renueva las competencias locales para formular e implementar políticas económicas. La complejización de las relaciones entre empresas y entre empresas e instituciones territoriales es una fuente importante de sinergias y economías externas pero requiere nuevas formas de gobernabilidad, tanto a nivel industrial como territorial
The growing mobility of production and production factors could have contributed to a polarization reversal. However, it appears that economic development is increasingly localized in economic agglomerations. Globalization is a localized phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to review three partially overlapping perspectives on local economic development. These three perspectives broadly correspond to three factors enhancing the localized nature of economic development, namely externalities, learning and governance. Externalities are well-known phenomena associated with agglomeration. New is the fact that they constitute a source of increasing returns. This new school of geographical economics will be reviewed. At the same time a new economic geography emerged on the basis of clusters and industrial districts. Externalities are extended and change form. Dynamics of local economic development can be analizes from the perspective of evolutionary economic thinking. Learning in general and collective learning in particular are central concepts, not only at the level of firms but also at the level of territorial institutions. Learning increases and renews local competencies for economic policy. The growing complexity of relations between firms and between firms and territorial agencies is an important potential source of synergy and external economies but require new forms of governance at the level of industry and territory
The growing mobility of production and production factors could have contributed to a polarization reversal. However, it appears that economic development is increasingly localized in economic agglomerations. Globalization is a localized phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to review three partially overlapping perspectives on local economic development. These three perspectives broadly correspond to three factors enhancing the localized nature of economic development, namely externalities, learning and governance. Externalities are well-known phenomena associated with agglomeration. New is the fact that they constitute a source of increasing returns. This new school of geographical economics will be reviewed. At the same time a new economic geography emerged on the basis of clusters and industrial districts. Externalities are extended and change form. Dynamics of local economic development can be analizes from the perspective of evolutionary economic thinking. Learning in general and collective learning in particular are central concepts, not only at the level of firms but also at the level of territorial institutions. Learning increases and renews local competencies for economic policy. The growing complexity of relations between firms and between firms and territorial agencies is an important potential source of synergy and external economies but require new forms of governance at the level of industry and territory
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helmsing2002eureperspectivas
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| Authors | ;A. H. J. (Bert) Helmsing |
| Journal | research in microbiology |
| Year | 2002 |
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