comportamiento clínico de la toxoplasmosis ocular en pinar del río clinical behavior of ocular toxoplasmosis in pinar del rio
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2013
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Abstract
Introducción: la toxoplasmosis es una zoonosis frecuente, causada por un parásito intracelular obligado: el toxoplasma gondii. Es la causa más frecuente de uveítis posterior y puede provocar secuelas oftalmológicas graves. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico, así como la evolución y las principales complicaciones de pacientes atendidos por toxoplasmosis ocular activa en el Centro Oftalmológico de Pinar del Río. Material y método: se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, en pacientes con diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis ocular activa, en el período de tiempo comprendido entre enero 2011 y octubre del año 2012. El universo estuvo constituido por la totalidad de pacientes que acudieron a consulta, con el diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis ocular (34), y la muestra por aquellos que presentaron la forma activa de la infección (14). Resultados: predominaron los pacientes en las edades comprendidas entre los 30 y 39 años de edad, con un ligero predominio del sexo femenino. El síntoma más frecuente fue la visión borrosa, la lesión se presentó fundamentalmente en la zona I de la retina. Las lesiones necrotizantes de retinocoroiditis toxoplásmica, acompañadas de vitritis de variable intensidad, fueron el hallazgo oftalmológico más frecuente, y predominan los pacientes con mejor agudeza visual por debajo de 0,3 después del tratamiento. El edema macular y la hipertensión ocular resultaron las complicaciones más frecuentes. Conclusiones: las características clínicas de los pacientes coincidieron con lo descrito en la literatura. El grado de afectación visual estuvo relacionado con la localización de las lesiones y las complicaciones.
Introduction: toxoplasmosis is a frequent zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasite: toxoplasma gondii. The most frequent cause is posterior uveitis and can provoke severe ophthalmic sequels. Objective: to characterize clinical and epidemiological behavior, natural history and main complications of patients suffering from active-ocular toxoplasmosis at the Ophthalmologic Center in Pinar del Rio province. Material and method: an observational, descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted in patients having the diagnosis of active-ocular toxoplasmosis, during January 2011 and October 2012. The target group was comprised of the totality of patients attending to the center with the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis (34), and the sample included those presenting the active form of infection (14). Results: patients between 30 and 39 years old prevailed, with a slight prevalence of female sex. Blurred vision was the most frequent symptom, mostly the lesion appeared in zone I of the retina. Necrotizing lesions of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis accompanied by vitritis of variable intensity was the most frequent ophthalmic finding, prevailing patients with a better visual acuity below 0,3 after the treatment. Macular edema and ocular hypertension resulted in the most repeated complications. Conclusions: clinical characteristics of patients coincided with those described in medical literature. The degree of visual affection was related to the site of lesions and complications.
Introduction: toxoplasmosis is a frequent zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasite: toxoplasma gondii. The most frequent cause is posterior uveitis and can provoke severe ophthalmic sequels. Objective: to characterize clinical and epidemiological behavior, natural history and main complications of patients suffering from active-ocular toxoplasmosis at the Ophthalmologic Center in Pinar del Rio province. Material and method: an observational, descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted in patients having the diagnosis of active-ocular toxoplasmosis, during January 2011 and October 2012. The target group was comprised of the totality of patients attending to the center with the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis (34), and the sample included those presenting the active form of infection (14). Results: patients between 30 and 39 years old prevailed, with a slight prevalence of female sex. Blurred vision was the most frequent symptom, mostly the lesion appeared in zone I of the retina. Necrotizing lesions of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis accompanied by vitritis of variable intensity was the most frequent ophthalmic finding, prevailing patients with a better visual acuity below 0,3 after the treatment. Macular edema and ocular hypertension resulted in the most repeated complications. Conclusions: clinical characteristics of patients coincided with those described in medical literature. The degree of visual affection was related to the site of lesions and complications.
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| Authors | ;Bárbara Taysel Naranjo Valladares;Mirlanea López Torres;Felipe Acosta Rodríguez;Yamilka Moreno Martínez;Ariel Hernández Acosta |
| Journal | Frontiers in endocrinology |
| Year | 2013 |
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