coma e síndrome de herniação transtentorial consequentes a lesão hemisférica não expansiva aguda coma and central herniation syndrome due to an acute non-expanding hemispheral mass
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ID: 189063
1995
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Abstract
O presente trabalho retrata o caso de uma paciente que entrou em coma por infarto extenso do hemisfério cerebral direito e desenvolveu sinais clínicos característicos do estágio diencefálico da herniação transtentorial central. A TC, todavia, não evidenciou os efeitos classicamente descritos de compressão ou distorção da transição mesodiencefálica, mas duas imagens hipodensas, de idades diferentes, alojadas, repectivamente, nos territórios superficial e profundo das artérias cerebral média e anterior e no lobo frontal direito. Concordando com a piora clínica ao longo dos seis dias que antecederam a morte, a última TC revelou as imagens esperadas de deslocamentos do encéfalo. O caso se assemelha a outros da literatura, em testemunho de que os sinais clínicos de efeitos de massa no interior do crânio podem ser reproduzidos por comprometimento funcional agudo mono-hemisférico na ausência de deslocamentos físicos da massa encefálica. O papel desempenhado por distorções encefálicas na gênese e no prognóstico de curto-prazo do coma permanece em aberto.
An 81 -year-old woman developed left hemiplegia and coma due to a right hemisphere infarct and died 6 days later. When first seen in coma she had the classical signs of descending central herniation in the diencephalic stage. The CT scan of the third day showed a large hypodense area occupying the superficial and deep territories of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries on the left as well as a frontal cortico-subcortical hypodense area indicative of an older infarct on the opposite hemisphere. No mass effects were apparent. She followed a downhill course with signs of brainstem deterioration. A second CT scan a few hours before death revealed the expected pattern of brain shift and herniations. This case adds to the available evidence showing that the clinical signs of encroachment of supratentorial structures upon the basal forebrain can be reproduced by an acute mono-hemispheral lesion without visible mass effects. It indicates, further, that the role of intracranial displacements in the genesis and short-term prognosis of coma remains an unsettled matter. In at least a few number of cases, diaschisis might play a major role.
An 81 -year-old woman developed left hemiplegia and coma due to a right hemisphere infarct and died 6 days later. When first seen in coma she had the classical signs of descending central herniation in the diencephalic stage. The CT scan of the third day showed a large hypodense area occupying the superficial and deep territories of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries on the left as well as a frontal cortico-subcortical hypodense area indicative of an older infarct on the opposite hemisphere. No mass effects were apparent. She followed a downhill course with signs of brainstem deterioration. A second CT scan a few hours before death revealed the expected pattern of brain shift and herniations. This case adds to the available evidence showing that the clinical signs of encroachment of supratentorial structures upon the basal forebrain can be reproduced by an acute mono-hemispheral lesion without visible mass effects. It indicates, further, that the role of intracranial displacements in the genesis and short-term prognosis of coma remains an unsettled matter. In at least a few number of cases, diaschisis might play a major role.
| Reference Key |
oliveira-souza1995arquivoscoma
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;Ricardo De Oliveira-Souza;Marcos Benchimol |
| Journal | communications in computer and information science |
| Year | 1995 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0004-282X1995000500019
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| URL | |
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