tensiones residuales en uniones soldadas por fsw en aluminio 7075-t651 residual stresses in 7075-t651 fsw joint

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ID: 185182
2012
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Abstract
Las tensiones residuales pueden ser un aspecto de relevancia en la integridad estructural de componentes en servicio, pudiendo presentar una importante influencia sobre la vida a la fatiga, entre otros mecanismos de falla. El proceso de soldadura por fricción-agitación (FSW) ha revolucionado en los últimos años el campo de la tecnología de la soldadura. Su mayor aplicación se ha dado en las aleaciones de aluminio, aunque hoy en día se utiliza para prácticamente todos los materiales. Una de las ventajas enunciadas de este proceso es el menor nivel de tensiones residuales resultantes, debido a que se produce en estado sólido por lo que los gradientes térmicos durante la soldadura son menores. Entre las aleaciones de aluminio de uso estructural, las aleaciones termoenvejecibles de la serie 7XXX se utilizan habitualmente en la industria aeronáutica y aeroespacial debido a su alta resistencia mecánica. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar el efecto de la velocidad de avance en FSW sobre las tensiones residuales en juntas de aluminio AA7075-T651, mediante la técnica de seccionamiento. Se soldaron probetas de dicha aleación de 150x150x4mm mediante FSW, variando la velocidad de avance entre 51 y 206 mm.min-1. Durante la soldadura se adquirieron los ciclos térmicos. Posteriormente se midieron las tensiones residuales longitudinales a distintas distancias del cordón de soldadura, en cada caso. A partir de los ciclos térmicos adquiridos se obtuvieron los gradientes térmicos en la zona de medición. Las tensiones residuales máximas se encontraron entre 52 y 78 MPa, correspondiente entre 10 y 15 % del límite de fluencia del material. Las mismas aumentaron con la velocidad de avance, consistentemente con un aumento en el gradiente térmico observado. Dichos valores de tensiones residuales son menores que los obtenidos para la soldadura de estos materiales mediante procesos del tipo GMAW.
Residual stresses could be a relevant issue in the structural integrity of a component in service and usually have a major influence on their fatigue life, among other failure mechanisms. In recent years Friction-Stir Welding (FSW) has revolutionized the welding technology. Its main application has been given in aluminum alloys, but nowadays can be applicable to different materials. One of the several advantages of this process is a lower level of residual stresses, because the thermal gradients introduced during welding are lower. Among aluminum alloys used for structural applications, 7XXX strain-aged series are usually employed in the aerospace industry, because of their high strength. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of welding speed of FSW on residual stresses in aluminum AA7075-T651 joints, using sectioning technique. Coupons were welded AA7075-T651 FSW of 150x150x4 mm by varying the welding speed between 51 and 206 mm.min-1. During the welding thermal cycles were acquired. Subsequently, longitudinal residual stresses measured at different distances from the weld, in each case. Based on the acquired thermal cycling thermal gradients were obtained in the measurement area. Maximum residual stresses ranged from 52 to 78 MPa, corresponding to a range of 10 and 15% of the yield strength. They increased with increasing welding speed, consistent with an increase in the thermal gradient observed. These residual stresses values are lower than those obtained for the welding of these materials by type GMAW processes.
Reference Key
tufaro2012soldagemtensiones Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Leonardo N. Tufaro;Alejandro Burgueño;Hernán G. Svoboda
Journal Journal of applied microbiology
Year 2012
DOI
10.1590/S0104-92242012000400007
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-92242012000400007
Keywords
residual stress

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