crenças e práticas dos profissionais de saúde face à obesidade: uma revisão sistemática beliefs and practices of healthcare providers regarding obesity: a systematic review

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ID: 179067
2012
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Abstract
Apesar da implementação de diversas medidas de intervenção, o número de obesos continua alto, fato que motiva interesse sobre o assunto, para que se possa contribuir para atenuar essa situação. Alguns autores têm procurado compreender o papel que os profissionais de saúde, principalmente os relacionados aos cuidados de saúde primários, parecem exercer nesse contexto. No presente artigo, pretendeu-se sintetizar os principais resultados de investigações relativas as crenças, atitudes e práticas de profissionais de saúde, visto que essas parecem influenciar negativamente em suas ações. As palavras obesity, beliefs, healthcare professionals, general practicioners, attitudes, practices, health physicians e family practicioners foram introduzidas em bases de dados tais como EBSCOHost, ScienceDirect, PsychInfo, PubMed e SciELO. Foram analisados 13 estudos, datados entre 1991 e 2011. Os dados indicam a ausência de conhecimentos e de competências adequados à obesidade, o que parece contribuir para o desenvolvimento de crenças ambivalentes e de atitudes negativas diante dos obesos, descrevendo-os como desmotivados, preguiçosos e com ausência de autocontrole. Esses profissionais consideram que lidar com o problema da obesidade não é facil, manifestando abertamente baixas expectativas de resultados quanto à perda de peso, e por isso, mal-sucedidos. As práticas demonstradas são inconsistentes, refletindo algum ceticismo quanto à eficácia das intervenções existentes. Torna-se peremptório alertar os profissionais de saúde, quer durante o seu processo de formação, quer durante a sua vida profissional, para o impacto que as crenças relativas à obesidade podem exercer nas suas práticas, as quais poderão comprometer o tratamento adequado e eficaz dos indivíduos obesos.
Despite the implementation of various intervention measures, the number of obese individuals remain high; thus, it is important to consider what is contributing to this scenario. Authors have been striving to understand the role healthcare providers, especially in primary healthcare, seem to play in this context. The present review aims to synthesize the main investigation results regarding beliefs, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers, as they seem to negatively influence the practitioner's actions. The words "obesity", "beliefs", "healthcare professionals", "general practitioners", "attitudes", "practices", "health physicians", and "family practitioners" were entered into databases, such as EBSCOHost, ScienceDirect, Psychlnfo, PubMed, and SciELO. Thirteen studies from 1991 to 2011 were reviewed. The data indicate a lack of appropriate understanding and adequate competence regarding obesity, which likely contributes to ambivalent belief development and negative attitudes toward obese individuals, who are described as unmotivated, lazy, and lacking self-control. These professionals consider it hard to deal with obesity, manifesting low expectations of success regarding weight loss, thus considering themselves unsuccessful. Their practices are inconsistent, mirroring a certain skepticism towards the efficacy of available interventions. Either during graduation or as active practitioners, it is imperative to make healthcare providers aware of the impact their beliefs regarding obesity can exert on their practices, as these may impair appropriate and effective treatment delivery to obese individuals.
Reference Key
teixeira2012revistacrenas Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Filipa Valente Teixeira;José Luis Pais-Ribeiro;Ângela Rosa Pinho da Costa Maia
Journal acta crystallographica section e
Year 2012
DOI
10.1590/S0104-42302012000200024
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-42302012000200024
Keywords
obesity knowledge obesidade

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