análise econômica de quatro estratégias de suplementação para recria e engorda de bovinos em sistema pasto-suplemento economic analysis of four supplementation strategies for growth and finish beef cattle in a pasture-supplement system

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ID: 176989
2007
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Abstract
Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as respostas produtiva e econômica de quatro estratégias de suplementação durante o ciclo produtivo de bovinos de corte recriados e terminados em pastagens tropicais. Os dados sobre consumo de suplemento e desempenho dos animais foram obtidos de seis experimentos utilizando 196 animais em pastejo. As estratégias de suplementação avaliadas basearam-se na idade ao abate dos animais (18, 24, 30 e 40 meses), idealizando-se um sistema de produção com área de 1.000 ha e taxa de lotação média de 1 UA/ha/ano. O ganho de peso médio anual dos animais abatidos aos 18, 24, 30 e 40 meses de idade foi de 0,76; 0,48; 0,35 e 0,23 kg/animal/dia, respectivamente, e proporcionou os seguintes números de ciclos de produção (1,20; 0,75; 0,55 e 0,38 ciclos/ano). O abate aos 40 meses foi a única estratégia de suplementação que apresentou margem bruta negativa, indicando insustentabilidade a curto prazo neste sistema. A margem líquida anual foi positiva para as idades de abate de 18 (R$ 220.766,39) e 30 meses (R$ 80.395,24) e negativa para 24 meses de idade. O alto consumo de suplemento e a concentração deste conumo em uma fase de pior conversão alimentar foram as causas da pior resposta econômica obtida com o abate aos 24 meses em relação ao abate aos 18 e aos 30 meses. As taxas de retorno do capital investido com terra (TRC), 5,48 (18 meses), -1,60 (24 meses), 1,16 (30 meses) e -1,67% ao ano (40 meses) indicaram que apenas o abate aos 18 meses permite a sobrevivênvia do empreendimento a longo prazo. A maior resposta produtiva a essa estratégia, em razão do menor nível diário de suplementação e do fornecimento de concentrado em fase de maior eficiência alimentar, explica os melhores resultados econômicos. Todavia, a escolha da melhor estratégia de suplementação depende de combinações favoráveis de preços relativos dos suplementos e pode ser definida pela diferença na TRC em relação à ausência de suplementação, estimada para cada estratégia.
The productive and economic response of four feeding systems during the productive cycle of beef cattle raised and finished in tropical pastures was evaluated in this research. The data on supplement intake and performance of the animals were obtained from six experiments using 196 grazing animals. The evaluated supplementation strategies was based on the slaughter age of the animals (18, 24, 30, and 40 months), simulating a ideal system of production with area of 1.000 ha and annual average carrying capacity of 1 AU/ha/year. The annual average weight of the slaughtered animals at 18, 24, 30 and 40 months of age was of 0.76, 0.48, 0.35, and 0.23 kg/animal/day, respectively, and provided the following of cycles of production numbers (120, 0.75, 0.55, and 0.38 cycles/year). The 40 mo slaughter age was the only supplementation strategy that showed negative gross margin, indicating short-term in sustainability in this system. The annual net margin was positive for the slaughter ages 18 (R$ 220,766, 39) and 30 months (R$ 80,395. 24) and negative for 24 months of slaughter age. The high intake of supplement and the concentration of this intake in a phase of worse feed conversion was the causes of the worse economic response obtained with the slaughter age of 24 months in relation to slaughter age of 18 and the 30 mo. The return taxes of the invested capital with land (TRC), 5.48 (18 mo), -1.60 (24 mo), 1.16 (30 mo) and -1.67% a year (40 mo) indicated that only the slaughter age of 18 mo allows the carry on of the enterprise in a long run. The biggest productive response to this strategy, in reason of the lesser daily level of supplementation and of the supply concentrated of in a phase of bigger feed efficiency, explains the best economic results. However, the choice of the best supplementation strategy depends on favorable combinations of relative prices of the supplements and could be defined by the difference in the TRC in relation to the absence of supplementation, estimate for each strategy.
Reference Key
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Authors ;Darcilene Maria de Figueiredo;André Soares de Oliveira;Maykel Franklim Lima Sales;Mário Fonseca Paulino;Sônia Maria Leite Ribeiro do Vale
Journal european journal of lipid science and technology
Year 2007
DOI
10.1590/S1516-35982007000600030
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982007000600030
Keywords
beef cattle production systems

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