análise discriminante de solos sob diferentes usos em área de mata atlântica a partir de atributos da matéria orgânica discriminant analysis of soils under different land uses in the atlantic rain forest area using organic matter attributes

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ID: 173621
2010
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Abstract
Na região serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (bioma Mata Atlântica), pequenos agricultores praticam agricultura itinerante no sistema de corte e queima. Neste trabalho, amostras de horizontes superficiais (0 -15 cm) de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo sob cinco diferentes coberturas vegetais (Mata Atlântica, cultivo anual, café, banana e pastagem) foram coletadas para caracterização química dos teores de carbono nas diferentes frações de substâncias húmicas. As amostras obtidas sob mata e sob pastagem puderam ser nitidamente isoladas das demais pelo modelo discriminante construído. Aquelas representativas do grupo das culturas (banana, café e cultivo) foram superposicionadas, indicando haver semelhança entre os atributos relativos à matéria orgânica nos solos sob esses usos. O modelo obtido permitiu classificar corretamente 88% das amostras analisadas. Os atributos ácidos fúlvicos (AF), carbono orgânico (C), nitrogênio total (N) e relação C/N foram selecionados pelo modelo, sendo o teor de ácidos fúlvicos o atributo de maior peso relativo. Esse resultado indica que o fracionamento de substâncias húmicas permite a observação de alterações no solo que não são possíveis de serem identificadas pela simples determinação do teor de carbono orgânico total. Pelo padrão de agrupamento das áreas (mata-pastagem e banana-café-cultivo), denotou-se que o uso de fertilizantes pode se relacionar com alterações em atributos indicadores importantes, como o teor de ácidos fúlvicos.
In the mountain region of the State of Rio de Janeiro (Atlantic Rain Forest biome), small farmers practice shifting cultivation in the slash and burn system. In this work, soil surfaces samples (0-15cm) of a Yellow Red Latossolo under five different vegetal coverings (Atlantic Rain Forest, annual culture, coffee, banana and pasture), had been taken in the small farming area of Bom Jardim RJ for soil chemical characterization and carbon content analysis in the different humic fractions. The samples taken under forest and pasture could be clearly isolated from the other groups for the discriminante model created. For the banana, coffee and culture groups, a certain overlapping was observed, indicating a similarity of the soil organic matter attributes between these coverings. The model allowed to correctly classify 88% of the analyzed samples. The fulvic acid (AF), organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), and the C/N ratio had been selected by the model, with the fulvic acids having the attribute of higher relative weight. This result suggests that the humic acids fractionation allows the detection of alterations in the soil that are not possible to be identified for the simple determination of the total organic carbon. The discriminate pattern of areas (forest-pasture and banana-coffe-culture) denotes that fertilizer could be related with changes in some important indicator attributes such as fulvic acids.
Reference Key
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Authors ;Vinicius de Melo Benites;Rondinele de Oliveira Moutta;Heitor Luiz da Costa Coutinho;Fabiano de Carvalho Balieiro
Journal journal of veterinary medical research
Year 2010
DOI
10.1590/S0100-67622010000400013
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-67622010000400013
Keywords
soil organic matter soil quality matéria orgânica do solo atlantic rain forest

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