efeito da calagem na relação entre solo e água effects of liming on the relationship between soil and water
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2008
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Abstract
Mudanças nas propriedades físicas do solo, principalmente aquelas relacionadas com a retenção de água e agregação, podem estar associadas às variações na eletroquímica do solo. Estudar o efeito da calagem sobre a relação entre solo e água constituiu o objetivo deste trabalho. Em 1994, um experimento foi instalado na área experimental do Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, em um Argissolo Acinzentado distrófico plíntico. Os tratamentos consistiram na aplicação superficial e incorporação de calcário nas doses de zero, 2+2, 8,5 e 17 Mg ha-1. Em 2006, doze anos após a aplicação de calcário, foram coletadas amostras de solo com estrutura preservada e em triplicata nas camadas de 0-5 cm e 5-10 cm. As amostras foram caracterizadas quanto a algumas propriedades químicas. As propriedades físicas avaliadas foram: i) velocidade de umectação do solo, estimada em um dispositivo de ascensão capilar de água; ii) umidade gravimétrica do solo, medida ao final do teste de ascensão capilar de água, e iii) densidade do solo, estimada pela razão entre a massa e o volume de torrões de solo seco. A velocidade de umectação foi mais intensa nos solos que receberam as maiores doses de calcário. A umidade gravimétrica aumentou linearmente com as doses de calcário, enquanto a densidade do solo não foi alterada. Houve incremento de água no solo entre 5,1 e 6,2 mg g-1 para cada tonelada de corretivo aplicada. Pode-se concluir que, após 12 anos da calagem, as formas de aplicação de calcário não tiveram influência sobre a densidade do solo e sobre a retenção de água; a calagem alterou a relação entre solo e água, tornando o solo mais hidrófilo com o aumento das doses de calcário, independentemente da forma de aplicação do corretivo.
Changes in the physical properties of soil, mainly related to water retention and soil aggregation, may be linked to changes in electrochemical soil properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of liming on the relationship between soil and water. In 1994, an experiment was installed in the experimental area of the Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, in a dystrophic plinthic Gray Acrisol. Treatments consisted in surface liming and lime incorporation at 0, 2+2, 8.5, and 17 Mg ha-1. In 2006, 12 years after lime application, undisturbed soil samples were collected in triplicate from the layers 0-5 and 5-10 cm. The chemical properties of the samples were characterized. The following physical properties were evaluated i) speed of soil wettability, estimated using a capillary rise device, ii) gravimetric soil moisture, measured at the end of the capillary rise trials, iii) bulk density, estimated by the ratio between the dry mass and volume of soil clods. The wettability speed was higher in soils treated with higher limestone doses, while bulk density was not affected. There was an increase of soil water contents of around 5,1 and 6,2 mg g-1 for each tonne of lime applied. The conclusion was drawn that the lime application forms had no influence on bulk density and soil water retention; liming influences the soil - water relationship, making the soil more hydrophilic with increasing doses of lime, regardless of the form of lime application.
Changes in the physical properties of soil, mainly related to water retention and soil aggregation, may be linked to changes in electrochemical soil properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of liming on the relationship between soil and water. In 1994, an experiment was installed in the experimental area of the Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, in a dystrophic plinthic Gray Acrisol. Treatments consisted in surface liming and lime incorporation at 0, 2+2, 8.5, and 17 Mg ha-1. In 2006, 12 years after lime application, undisturbed soil samples were collected in triplicate from the layers 0-5 and 5-10 cm. The chemical properties of the samples were characterized. The following physical properties were evaluated i) speed of soil wettability, estimated using a capillary rise device, ii) gravimetric soil moisture, measured at the end of the capillary rise trials, iii) bulk density, estimated by the ratio between the dry mass and volume of soil clods. The wettability speed was higher in soils treated with higher limestone doses, while bulk density was not affected. There was an increase of soil water contents of around 5,1 and 6,2 mg g-1 for each tonne of lime applied. The conclusion was drawn that the lime application forms had no influence on bulk density and soil water retention; liming influences the soil - water relationship, making the soil more hydrophilic with increasing doses of lime, regardless of the form of lime application.
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bortoluzzi2008revistaefeito
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| Authors | ;Edson Campanhola Bortoluzzi;Leandro Garbozza;Caroline Guareschi;Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer |
| Journal | Revista de saude publica |
| Year | 2008 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0100-06832008000700003
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