prevention of insulin resistance by dietary intervention among pregnant mothers: a randomized controlled trial

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2017
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Abstract
Background: Chronic insulin resistance (IR) is a basic part of the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus. Nutrition significantly impacts IR and weight loss reduces insulin levels, whereas weight gain increases the concentrations. Therefore, we surveyed the effect of nutrition intervention on IR in pregnant women and whether this effect is irrespective of weight gaining in accordance with Institute of Medicine limits. Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial was carried out among 150 primiparous pregnant mothers in fifteen health centers, five hospitals, and 15 private obstetrical offices in Isfahan. The nutrition intervention included education of healthy diet with emphasize on 50%–55% of total energy intake from carbohydrate (especially complex carbohydrates), 25%–30% from fat (to increase mono unsaturated fatty acids and decrease saturated and trans-fatty acids), and 15%–20% from protein during pregnancy for experimental group. The controls received the usual prenatal care by their health-care providers. Results: This trial decreased pregnancy-induced insulin increases (P = 0.01) and IR marginally (P = 0.05). ANCOVA demonstrated that control of gestational weight gaining was more effective to decrease IR (P = 0.02) while insulin values decreased by nutrition intervention and irrespective of weight control (P = 0.06). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentrations did not decrease by intervention (P = 0.56) or weight management (P = 0.15). Conclusions: The current intervention was effective to decrease pregnancy-induced insulin increases and IR. Considering study results on FPG levels and incidence of GDM, we suggest repeat of study design in a larger sample.
Reference Key
goodarzi-khoigani2017internationalprevention Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Masoomeh Goodarzi-Khoigani;Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad;Mohammad Hossein Baghiani Moghadam;Azadeh Nadjarzadeh;Farahnaz Mardanian;Hossein Fallahzadeh;Azam Dadkhah-Tirani
Journal italian journal of animal science
Year 2017
DOI
10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_405_16
URL
http://www.ijpvmjournal.net/article.asp?issn=2008-7802;year=2017;volume=8;issue=1;spage=85;epage=85;aulast=Goodarzi-Khoigani
Keywords
Iran insulin resistance diet modification pregnancymedicine

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