when aging reaches cd4+ t-cells: phenotypic and functional changes
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2013
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Abstract
Beyond midlife, the immune system shows aging features and its defensive capability becomes impaired, by a process known as immunosenescence that involves many changes in the innate and adaptive responses. Innate immunity seems to be better preserved globally, while the adaptive immune response exhibits profound age-dependent modifications. Elderly people display a decline in numbers of naïve T-cells in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues, while, in contrast, their proportion of highly differentiated effector and memory T-cells, such as the CD28null T-cells, increases markedly. Naïve and memory CD4+ T-cells constitute a highly dynamic system with constant homeostatic and antigen-driven proliferation, influx, and loss of T-cells. Thymic activity dwindles with age and essentially ceases in the later decades of life, severely constraining the generation of new T-cells. Homeostatic control mechanisms are very effective at maintaining a large and diverse subset of naïve CD4+ T-cells throughout life, but although later than in CD8+T-cell compartment, these mechanisms ultimately fail with age.
| Reference Key |
moro-garca2013frontierswhen
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;Marco Antonio Moro-García;Rebeca eAlonso-Arias;Carlos eLopez-Larrea;Carlos eLopez-Larrea |
| Journal | sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza |
| Year | 2013 |
| DOI |
10.3389/fimmu.2013.00107
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