estimating soil fertility status in physically degraded land using gis and remote sensing techniques in chamarajanagar district, karnataka, india

基于GIS与遥感技术的印度卡纳塔克邦查马拉贾纳加尔县物理退化土地土壤肥力状况评估

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ID: 159599
2016
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Abstract
Soil physical degradation is a major environmental problem throughout the world due to its negative impact on biomass and economic production. This study presented new ways of combining rapid soil analysis using GIS and remote sensing imagery to provide a precision mapping of soil physical condition indicators in the study area and producing fertility status using Geostatistical approach. Study has been carried out to map the areas with physical degradation using remotely sensed data from Indian Remote Sensing LISS III sensor. It was observed that the data enabled better delineation of small units of eroded areas. Satellite data have been used for qualitative assessment of areas, being subject to soil erosion. Soil erosion was found to be none or slight to very sever using visual interpretation of IRS data along with field survey method where soil erosion was found to be moderate to high using the RUSLE method. The eroded areas of degraded lands will be used as an input for planning reclamation and conservation programs in Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka. Soil compaction is a form of physical degradation resulting in densification and distortion of the soil where biological activity, porosity and permeability are reduced, strength is increased and soil structure partly destroyed. Compaction can reduce water infiltration capacity and increase erosion risk by accelerating run-off. The compaction process can be initiated by wheels, tracks, rollers or by the passage of animals. Some soils are naturally compacted, strongly cemented or have a thin topsoil layer on rock subsoil. Soils can vary from being sufficiently strong to resist all likely applied loads to being so weak that they are compacted by even light loads.
土壤物理退化因其对生物量和经济产出的负面影响，已成为全球范围内的一大主要环境问题。本研究提出了一种结合地理信息系统（GIS）与遥感影像进行土壤快速分析的新途径，以实现对研究区土壤物理状况指标的精准制图，并利用地统计学方法生成土壤肥力状况图。本研究利用印度遥感卫星（IRS）LISS-III传感器的遥感数据，对发生物理退化的区域进行了制图。结果表明，该数据能够更准确地勾绘小尺度侵蚀单元。卫星数据已被用于对遭受土壤侵蚀的区域进行定性评估。结合IRS数据目视解译与实地调查法评估发现，土壤侵蚀程度涵盖无侵蚀、轻度至极严重侵蚀；而采用修正通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）模型评估时，土壤侵蚀程度则表现为中度至高度。退化土地中的侵蚀区数据将作为基础输入，用于规划卡纳塔克邦恰马拉贾纳加尔（Chamarajanagar）地区的土地复垦与水土保持方案。 土壤压实是物理退化的一种形式，会导致土壤致密化和变形，具体表现为生物活性、孔隙度和渗透性降低，土体强度增加以及土壤结构遭到局部破坏。压实会降低水分入渗能力，并通过加速地表径流增加侵蚀风险。车轮、履带、碾压机械或动物践踏均可诱发压实过程。部分土壤属于天然压实、强胶结，或在基岩底土上仅覆有一层薄表土。不同土壤的抗压能力差异显著，既有强度足以抵抗所有潜在外加荷载的土壤，也有极其脆弱、在轻微荷载下即可发生压实的土壤。
Reference Key
abdelrahman2016egyptianestimating Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Mohamed A.E. AbdelRahman;A. Natarajan;C.A. Srinivasamurthy;Rajendra Hegde
Journal global food security
Year 2016
DOI
10.1016/j.ejrs.2015.12.002
URL
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110982315000721
Keywords
bulk density remote sensing

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