insuficiência aguda hepática associada ao ácido valpróico na infância: relato de três casos acute hepatic failure with valproic acid in children: report of three cases

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ID: 156698
1996
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Abstract
Relatamos três casos da insuficiência aguda hepática associada ao uso de ácido valpróico (AVP) em crianças epilépticas. A idade variou de 2 anos e 8 meses a 5 anos e 1 mês. Todos os pacientes apresentavam epilepsia de difícil controle e dois deles tinham desenvolvimento psicomotor severamente comprometido. O AVP foi usado em associação com outros antiepilépticos (carbamazepina em dois, fenobarbital em um). Todos os pacientes apresentaram sinais clínicos de insuficiência hepática.Vômitos, edema e icterícia foram os sinais iniciais. Febre ocorreu em dois pacientes. Os exames laboratoriais mostraram transaminases pouco aumentadas (inferiores a 194 U/l) e níveis de bilirrubina entre 5,5 e 19,8 mg%. Um dos pacientes usava a droga há 12 meses e os dois outros, há menos de 6 meses. Dois pacientes apresentaram resolução do quadro hepático após a retirada da droga e um faleceu. Com este relato, salientamos a toxicidade do AVP em crianças epilépticas mesmo acima de dois anos de idade, principalmente em uso de politerapia, com comprometimento neurológico, e que o quadro pode ser reversível com a retirada da droga.
We report the cases of three epileptic children who developed hepatotoxicity induced by valproic acid. Two patients had developmental delay. Including the one who died, all patients were receiving polytherapy (carbamazepine in two and phenobarbital in one). The patients age ranged from 2 years and 8 months to 5 years and 1 month. The onset of hepatic complications occurred within 6 months of valproate therapy in two patients and 12 months in one. All patients developed the classical clinical signs of hepatotoxicity. Vomiting, edema and jaundice were the initial symptoms. Fever occurred in two patients. The serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase were mildly elevated with a maximum of 194 IU. The bilirubin levels ranged from 5.5 to 19.8 mg%. Two patients recovered clinically and showed normalization of the laboratory abnormalities and one had fatal course. The hepatotoxicity must be considered as a side effect of valproic acid mainly in children under two years age, with polytherapy regimen and neurologic damage. The hepatic insufficiency can be reversible.
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antoniuk1996arquivosinsuficincia Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Sérgio A. Antoniuk;Isac Bruck;Léo Ricardo Hönnicke;Luzilma Terezinha Flenik Martins;José Eduardo Carreiro;Rubens Cat
Journal communications in computer and information science
Year 1996
DOI
10.1590/S0004-282X1996000400015
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X1996000400015
Keywords
toxicity valproic acid neuropsychiatry biological psychiatry

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