análise biomecânica de variáveis relacionadas à resistência ao arrancamento dos parafusos do sistema de fixação vertebral biomechanical analysis of the variables related to the pullout strength of screws in the vertebral fixation system

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ID: 155519
2008
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Abstract
OBJETIVO: Observar a influência do diâmetro do orifício-piloto nos diferentes modos de preparo: sonda de ponta romba, sonda de ponta cortante e broca, com o propósito de avaliar o nível de resistência ao arrancamento de parafusos com diâmetro diverso. MÉTODOS: Parafusos de 5, 6 e 7mm foram inseridos nos corpos de prova de osso bovino. O orifício-piloto foi confeccionado por meio de sonda de ponta romba, sonda de ponta cortante e broca. O diâmetro da perfuração foi menor, igual e maior do que o diâmetro interno do parafuso. Após a inserção dos implantes, nos três diferentes diâmetros para cada modo de preparo do orifício-piloto, foram realizados os ensaios mecânicos de arrancamento. Os ensaios mecânicos realizados em máquina universal de ensaio Emic®, software Tesc 3.13, célula de carga de 2.000N, velocidade de aplicação de força de 2mm/min, pré-carga de 5N e tempo de acomodação de 10 segundos. A propriedade avaliada nos ensaios mecânicos foi a força máxima de arrancamento. RESULTADOS: No grupo de parafusos de 5 e 6mm foi observado aumento na resistência ao arrancamento quando o diâmetro do orifício-piloto era menor que o diâmetro interno do parafuso em todos os modos de preparo (sonda de ponta romba, sonda de ponta cortante e broca). Não foi observada diferença estatística no grupo de parafusos de 7mm para todos os diâmetros de perfuração e modo de preparo do orifício-piloto. CONCLUSÃO: O diâmetro do orifício-piloto influencia a resistência ao arrancamento dos parafusos de sistema de fixação vertebral. A realização de orifício-piloto de diâmetro maior que o diâmetro interno do parafuso reduz a resistência ao arrancamento do implante, independente do modo de preparo do orifício-piloto.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the relevance of the pilot hole in the different manners of preparation: dull-tipped probe, cutting-tip probe, and burr, for the purpose of evaluating the level of pullout strength of screws with different diameters. METHODS: Screws of 5, 6, and 7 mm were inserted in the bovine bone test samples. The pilot hole was made with the dull-tipped probe, the cutting-tip probe, and burr. The perforation diameter was smaller, equal, and larger than the inner diameter of the screw. Mechanical pullout assays were performed in the three diameters for each manner of preparation of the pilot hole after inserting the implant. The mechanical assays were performed in an Emic®, Software Tesc 3.13 universal machine with load cell of 2000 N, load application speed of 2 mm/min, pre-load of 5 N, and accommodation time of 10 seconds. The property evaluated in the mechanical assays was the maximum pullout strength. RESULTS: In the group with 5 mm and 6 mm screws, and increase was observed in the pullout strength when the pilot hole diameter was smaller than the inner diameter of the screw in all manners of preparation (dull-tipped probe, cutting-tip probe, and burr). No statistical difference was seen in the seven millimeter screw group for all perforation diameters and manners of preparing the pilot hole. CONCLUSION: The pilot hole diameter has an influence upon the pullout strength of the screws in the vertebral fixation system. The making of a pilot hole with diameter larger than the inner diameter of the screw reduces the pullout strength of the implant, irrespective of the manner of preparation of the pilot hole.
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Authors ;Rodrigo César Rosa;Patrícia Silva;Antonio Carlos Shimano;José Batista Volpon;Helton L.A. Defino;Philip Schleicher;Frank Kandziora
Journal scientific american
Year 2008
DOI
10.1590/S0102-36162008000700005
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-36162008000700005
Keywords
spine biomechanics bone screws bovinos orthopedic procedures

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