climate-disease connections: rift valley fever in kenya relações entre clima e doença: febre do vale do rift, no quênia

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ID: 152853
2001
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Abstract
All known Rift Valley fever(RVF) outbreaks in Kenya from 1950 to 1998 followed periods of abnormally high rainfall. On an interannual scale, periods of above normal rainfall in East Africa are associated with the warm phase of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. Anomalous rainfall floods mosquito-breeding habitats called dambos, which contain transovarially infected mosquito eggs. The eggs hatch Aedes mosquitoes that transmit the RVF virus preferentially to livestock and to humans as well. Analysis of historical data on RVF outbreaks and indicators of ENSO (including Pacific and Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures and the Southern Oscillation Index) indicates that more than three quarters of the RVF outbreaks have occurred during warm ENSO event periods. Mapping of ecological conditions using satellite normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data show that areas where outbreaks have occurred during the satellite recording period (1981-1998) show anomalous positive departures in vegetation greenness, an indicator of above-normal precipitation. This is particularly observed in arid areas of East Africa, which are predominantly impacted by this disease. These results indicate a close association between interannual climate variability and RVF outbreaks in Kenya.
Entre 1950 e 1998 houve surtos de febre no Vale do Rift, no Quênia, após períodos de aumentos pluviométricos anormais. Em escala interanual, esses períodos estiveram associados à fase quente do fenômeno ENSO (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) na África Oriental. As chuvas alagam os criadouros de mosquitos - dambos -, cujos ovos, infectados pela via transovariana, eclodem, produzindo mosquitos Aedes, transmissores do vírus da febre do Vale do Rift aos seres humanos e, em especial, ao gado. A análise dos dados históricos sobre surtos de febre do Vale do Rift e indicadores do fenômeno ENSO - incluindo temperaturas superficiais dos Oceanos Pacífico e Índico e o Índice de Oscilação Sul - mostrou que mais de 75% dos surtos ocorreram em períodos quentes do ENSO. Na época estudada - 1981-1998 -, o mapeamento das condições ecológicas via satélite (NDVI)- com dados normalizados sobre diferenças na vegetação - evidenciou que as áreas de surto apresentaram desvios anômalos na intensidade do verde da vegetação (indicador de pluviosidade alta), em particular, nas regiões áridas da África Oriental - as mais afetadas pela febre. Os resultados indicam associação estreita entre variabilidade climática interanual e surtos de febre do Vale do Rift no Quênia.
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anyamba2001cadernosclimate-disease Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Assaf Anyamba;Kenneth J. Linthicum;Compton J. Tucker
Journal iberian conference on information systems and technologies, cisti
Year 2001
DOI
10.1590/S0102-311X2001000700022
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2001000700022
Keywords
disease outbreaks aedes

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