atributos mineralógicos de três solos explorados com a cultura do melão na chapada do apodi: rn mineralogical attributes of three soils under melon cultivation in the apodi tableland, northeastern brazil

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ID: 147601
2007
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Abstract
Este trabalho teve o objetivo de caracterizar os principais solos explorados com a cultura do melão na Chapada do Apodi, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, no tocante aos aspectos mineralógicos, visando fornecer subsídios para implantação de um manejo adequado à cultura e ao solo. Foram selecionados três solos: Cambissolo Háplico Ta eutrófico típico - CXve (Typic Haplocambids), Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo eutrófico argissólico - LVAe (Typic Eutrotorrox) e Argissolo Vermelho distrófico arênico - PVd (Arenic Kandiustults). Foram realizadas análises mineralógicas nas frações areia, silte e argila, por difratometria de raios X, além de estudos complementares em amostras indeformadas por meio da microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A composição mineralógica é semelhante nos perfis estudados; o quartzo predomina nas frações areia e silte, enquanto a fração argila é constituída predominantemente por caulinita. O perfil 1 (CXve), comparado com os outros dois, é o menos evoluído na escala pedogenética. Os perfis 2 (LVAe) e 3 (PVd) apresentam praticamente a mesma maturidade, embora o primeiro seja um pouco mais evoluído. O fato de o perfil 1 (CXve) apresentar química de solo jovem e mineralogia de solo muito evoluído revela incoerência entre os atributos químicos e mineralógicos daquele solo. Pelas condições de semi-aridez do local em que os três perfis estão inseridos, o domínio da caulinita na fração argila sugere que os solos foram originados em condições climáticas diferentes das atuais, provavelmente mais úmidas, ou que eles tenham se desenvolvido a partir de um material pré-intemperizado.
The present study aimed at characterizing the main soil types under melon crop in the Apodi Tableland, state of Rio Grande do Norte. This investigation focused on the mineralogical soil features as an attempt to generate information for adequate soil and crop management. Three soil types were selected: Typic Haplocambids, Typic Eutrotorrox and Arenic Kandiustults. The mineralogy of sand, silt and clay fractions was evaluated through X ray diffraction analyses and scanning electron microscopy in complementary, undisturbed samples. The mineralogical composition was similar in the studied profiles; quartz prevailed in the sand and silt fractions, while the clay fraction consisted predominantly of kaolinite. Profile 1 (CXve), compared with the other two profiles, was the least developed according to the pedogenetic scale. The degree of profile development was almost the same in the profiles 2 (LVAe) and 3 (PVd), although profile 2 was slightly more developed. The fact that profile 1 (CXve) showed chemical properties of a very young soil in contrast with the mineralogy of a well developed soil, demonstrates an incoherence between the two soil attributes and the stage of soil development. Considering the semi-arid conditions of the sites from where the soil samples were collected, the predominance of kaolinite in the clay fraction suggestes that the soils had been formed under climatic conditions distinct than the present. Former conditions were probably more humid, or the soils developed from pre-weathered parent material.
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Authors ;Jaedson Cláudio Anunciato Mota;Raimundo Nonato Assis Júnior;Joaquim Amaro Filho;Ricardo Espindola Romero;Francisco Ocian Bastos Mota;Paulo Leonel Libardi
Journal Revista de saude publica
Year 2007
DOI
10.1590/S0100-06832007000300004
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