seleção de basidiomycetes da amazônia para produção de enzimas de interesse biotecnológico screening of basidiomycetes from amazonia for the production of biotechnological interest enzymes

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ID: 146505
2008
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Abstract
Os fungos têm sido bastante usados como produtores de diferentes substâncias de interesse econômico, tais como: enzimas, antibióticos, vitaminas, aminoácidos e esteróides. Este estudo teve como objetivo detectar a produção de enzimas por linhagens de Basidiomycetes, oriundas de áreas de floresta da Amazônia. Para a produção de enzimas, os fungos foram cultivados em meio líquido adicionado de substrato indutor (0,5%), pH ajustado para cada enzima e incubados a 28 °C, sob agitação a 140 rpm, durante 96 ou 120 horas. A massa micelial foi separada for filtração e os filtrados foram inoculados em cup plates de 6 mm de diâmetro, perfurados na superfície de meios de cultura sólidos, adequados para a detecção das enzimas amilases, proteases, celulases, fenoloxidases e pectinases em placa de Petri. As placas foram incubadas à temperatura de 28 °C por 24 horas, e reveladas para observação dos halos indicativos da atividade enzimática. Foi verificada também a atividade da amilase e protease produzida pelos fungos, crescidos em meio líquido, com diferentes fontes nutricionais. Foi possível detectar a produção de celulases e proteases por todos os isolados, 40% produziram amilases, 50% produziram fenoloxidases e 10% produziram pectinases. Quanto à atividade da amilase, o substrato farelo de trigo foi o que proporcionou os maiores halos de degradação, destacando-se os fungos Daedalea sp. 4E6 e Daedalea sp. 1A, Stereaceae 22B e Pycnoporus sanguineus 12B. Considerando os substratos testados para produção de proteases, o substrato concentrado protéico de peixe se destacou como a melhor fonte protéica. Os fungos P. sanguineus 12B, Stereaceae 22B e Cantharellus guyanensis 4Bl foram os melhores produtores de protease.
Mushrooms, edible basidiomycetes, have been extensively used as producers of different substances of economical interest, such as enzymes, antibiotics, vitamins, amino acids, and steroids. The objective of this study is to detect the production of enzymes such as amylases, proteases, cellulases, phenoloxidases and pectinases for lineages of basidiomycetes originating from the Amazonian forest. For the production of enzymes, mushrooms were cultivated in a liquid medium with substratum (0,5%), pH adjusted for each enzyme, and incubated at 28 °C, under agitation and 140 rpm for 96 or 120 hours. After this period, the samples were filtered for the separation of the mycelial mass. The filtrates were inoculated in solid medium surface perforated cup-plates of 6 mm diameter, appropriate for the detection of enzymes in Petri dishes. The plates were incubated at 28 °C for 24 hours, for observation to reveal enzymatic halos. It was verified the activity of the amylase and protease produced by the mushrooms grown in the liquid medium, with different nutritive sources. It was possible to detect the cellulase and protease production for all the ones that were isolated, 40% produced amylases, 50% produced phenoloxidases, and 10% produced pectinases. Regarding the activity of the amylase, the wheat bran substrate presented the largest degradation halos revealing Daedalea sp.4E6 and Daedalea sp. 1A, Stereaceae 22B and Pycnoporus sanguineus 12B mushrooms. Considering the substrata tested for protease production, it was observed that the fish protein concentrate was the best. The P. sanguineus 12B, Stereaceae 22B and Cantharellus guyanensis 4Bl mushrooms were the best protease producers.
Reference Key
souza2008foodseleo Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Helenires Queiroz de Souza;Luiz Antonio de Oliveira;Jerusa Souza Andrade
Journal software - practice and experience
Year 2008
DOI
10.1590/S0101-20612008000500019
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612008000500019
Keywords
mushrooms enzymatic activity biotechnologynutrition

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