a varíola, uma antiga inimiga smallpox, an old foe

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ID: 145137
2001
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Abstract
A varíola acompanhou o homem por muitos séculos, causando mortes e lesões graves e irreversíveis. Usada como arma biológica em situações de guerra, volta a ser tema de discussão no mundo exatamente por essa possibilidade, apesar de ter sido erradicada das Américas em 1971, e do mundo em 1977. Os dados acumulados durante as Campanhas de Erradicação, mostram que a infecção se disseminava com relativa lentidão, através de contato muito próximo do receptor com o paciente. Infecções sub-clínicas em não-vacinados eram raras e vacinações de bloqueio em torno de novos casos, desde que estes fossem identificados e confirmados com rapidez, eram capazes de impedir a disseminação da infecção. As transmissões indiretas através de aerossóis eram menos comuns. Vacinados mesmo uma única vez, raramente apresentavam doença grave, no caso de reinfecção. A possibilidade de uso do vírus da varíola como arma biológica deve ser considerada como real, apesar de, com base nos conhecimentos atuais, serem necessárias suspensões virais de alta potência, lançadas muito próximo das pessoas a serem atingidas em grande número.
Smallpox has accompanied mankind for centuries, causing deaths and permanent lesions. Used in the past as a biological weapon during wars, it has come into focus again precisely because of this renewed possibility, although the disease has been eradicated in the Americas since 1971 and worldwide since 1977. Data gathered during the eradication campaigns show that the disease spread relatively slowly through close contacts between patients and susceptibles. Sub-clinical infection in non-vaccinated individuals was a rare event, and blockade vaccination surrounding new cases (as long as these cases were confirmed early) was able to prevent the disease from spreading in the community. Even with only one dose, vaccinated individuals rarely developed a serious case of the disease upon reinfection. The use of smallpox as a biological weapon should be considered a real possibility, although according to the available data, highly virulent viral suspensions spread very close to the target population would be necessary to infect a large number of persons.
Reference Key
schatzmayr2001cadernosa Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Hermann G. Schatzmayr
Journal iberian conference on information systems and technologies, cisti
Year 2001
DOI
10.1590/S0102-311X2001000600037
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2001000600037
Keywords
communicable disease control bioterrorism

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