formulação do fungo coniothyrium minitans para controle do mofo-branco causado por sclerotinia sclerotiorum formulation of coniothyrium minitans for biocontrol of white mold caused by sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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ID: 136424
2007
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Abstract
O fungo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, agente causal do mofo-branco, tem controle dificultado pela longevidade de seus escleródios no solo. Uma estratégia alternativa de controle é o uso do fungo antagonista Coniothyrium minitans, que parasita os escleródios de S. sclerotiorum e reduz a incidência da doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma formulação com C. minitans capaz de controlar o mofo-branco. Para tanto, picnídios deste fungo foram encapsulados com diferentes polímeros (alginato de sódio e pectina cítrica), caulim e substratos naturais (farinha de trigo e celulose). Das combinações obtidas, a formulação que continha 0,5% de alginato, 1,5% de celulose e 5% de caulim apresentou os melhores resultados quanto à viabilidade do fungo e controle da doença. Os grânulos da formulação armazenados a 4ºC apresentaram 100% de viabilidade do fungo. Nos grânulos armazenados a 28ºC, o fungo perdeu capacidade de crescer após os primeiros dois meses. O fungo formulado foi capaz de esporular sobre os grânulos incubados em meio de cultura BDA e no solo, como também foi capaz de reduzir a incidência da doença.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, causal agent of white mold, maintains its resistant structures viable for many years in the soil, and its control is difficult. An alternative method for controlling it is the use of Coniothyrium minitans, an antagonistic fungus efficient in attacking the sclerotia. The objective of this work was to develop a method to encapsulate picnidia of C. minitans to control the white mold, using different polymers, such as alginate and pectin supplemented with wheat flour or cellulose and kaolin. Picnidia of C. minitans formulated in alginate 0.5%, cellulose 1.5%, and kaolin 5% survived better at 4 than at 28ºC when stored during two months. After this period, only the formulation stored at 4ºC maintained its viability. When the formulation was stored at 28ºC, the fungus lost its ability to grow after two months. The fungus formulated grew abundantly on the pellets when they were inoculated on PDA. They also reduced completely the disease incidence in infested soil.
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Authors ;Alex Moretini;Itamar Soares de Melo
Journal proc - the fourth ieee workshop on software technol for future embedded and ubiquitous syst, seus 2006 andthe second int workshop on collaborative comput, integr, and assur, wccia 2006
Year 2007
DOI
10.1590/S0100-204X2007000200003
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2007000200003
Keywords
biological control lettuce phytopathogens alginateagriculture (general)

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