Consumo de leite de vaca e anemia na infância no Município de São Paulo Cow's milk consumption and childhood anemia in the city of São Paulo, southern Brazil
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ID: 108565
2004
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Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência de consumo de leite de vaca sobre o risco de anemia em menores de cinco anos. MÉTODOS: Estudou-se amostra domiciliar de menores de cinco anos do Município de São Paulo (n=584) em 1995 e 1996. O diagnóstico de anemia (hemoglobina <11g/dl) foi feito a partir de sangue capilar obtido por punctura digital. O teor de leite de vaca e a densidade da dieta em ferro heme e ferro não heme foram obtidos a partir de inquéritos alimentares recordatórios de 24 horas. Modelos múltiplos de regressão linear e logística foram empregados para se estudar a associação entre teor de leite de vaca na dieta e concentração de hemoglobina ou risco de anemia, com o controle estatístico de possíveis variáveis de confundimento (idade, gênero, peso ao nascer, parasitas intestinais, renda familiar e escolaridade materna). RESULTADOS: A prevalência de anemia foi 45,2% e a contribuição média do leite no valor calórico total da dieta foi 22,0%. A associação entre consumo de leite e o risco de anemia manteve-se (p=0,041) significativa, mesmo após levar em conta o efeito diluidor do consumo de leite sobre a densidade de ferro da dieta. Evidenciou-se um possível efeito inibidor do leite sobre a absorção do ferro presente nos demais alimentos ingeridos pelas crianças. CONCLUSÕES: A participação relativa do leite de vaca na dieta infantil associa-se positiva e significativamente ao risco de anemia em crianças entre seis e 60 meses de idade, independentemente da densidade de ferro na dieta.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of the consumption of cow's milk on the risk of anemia during childhood in the city of São Paulo. METHODS: We have studied a probabilistic sample (n=584) of underfive children living in the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, between 1995 and 1996. Anemia (hemoglobin <11g/dl) was diagnosed using capillary blood obtained by fingertip puncture. The cow's milk content and the density of heme and nonheme iron in the child's diet were obtained using 24-hour recall questionnaires. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to study the association between cow's milk content in the diet and hemoglobin concentration or risk of anemia, and included statistical control for potential confounders (age, sex, birthweight, presence of intestinal parasites, family income, and mother's schooling). RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was 45.2% and the mean contribution of milk to the total caloric content of the children's diets was 22.0%. The association between milk consumption and risk of anemia remained significant, even after considering the dilutive effect of milk consumption on the density of iron in the diet, thus indicating a possible inhibitor effect of milk on the absorption of the iron present in the other foods ingested by the child. CONCLUSIONS: The relative participation of cow's milk in the child's diet showed a significant positive association with risk of anemia in children between ages six and 60 months, regardless of the density of iron in the diet.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of the consumption of cow's milk on the risk of anemia during childhood in the city of São Paulo. METHODS: We have studied a probabilistic sample (n=584) of underfive children living in the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, between 1995 and 1996. Anemia (hemoglobin <11g/dl) was diagnosed using capillary blood obtained by fingertip puncture. The cow's milk content and the density of heme and nonheme iron in the child's diet were obtained using 24-hour recall questionnaires. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to study the association between cow's milk content in the diet and hemoglobin concentration or risk of anemia, and included statistical control for potential confounders (age, sex, birthweight, presence of intestinal parasites, family income, and mother's schooling). RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was 45.2% and the mean contribution of milk to the total caloric content of the children's diets was 22.0%. The association between milk consumption and risk of anemia remained significant, even after considering the dilutive effect of milk consumption on the density of iron in the diet, thus indicating a possible inhibitor effect of milk on the absorption of the iron present in the other foods ingested by the child. CONCLUSIONS: The relative participation of cow's milk in the child's diet showed a significant positive association with risk of anemia in children between ages six and 60 months, regardless of the density of iron in the diet.
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| Authors | Levy-Costa, Renata Bertazzi;Monteiro, Carlos Augusto; |
| Journal | Revista de saude publica |
| Year | 2004 |
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