Neotropical termite microbiomes as sources of novel plant cell wall degrading enzymes.

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ID: 98994
2020
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Abstract
In this study, we used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to characterise the microbial metabolic potential for lignocellulose transformation in the gut of two colonies of Argentine higher termite species with different feeding habits, Cortaritermes fulviceps and Nasutitermes aquilinus. Our goal was to assess the microbial community compositions and metabolic capacity, and to identify genes involved in lignocellulose degradation. Individuals from both termite species contained the same five dominant bacterial phyla (Spirochaetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fibrobacteres and Bacteroidetes) although with different relative abundances. However, detected functional capacity varied, with C. fulviceps (a grass-wood-feeder) gut microbiome samples containing more genes related to amino acid metabolism, whereas N. aquilinus (a wood-feeder) gut microbiome samples were enriched in genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and cellulose degradation. The C. fulviceps gut microbiome was enriched specifically in genes coding for debranching- and oligosaccharide-degrading enzymes. These findings suggest an association between the primary food source and the predicted categories of the enzymes present in the gut microbiomes of each species. To further investigate the termite microbiomes as sources of biotechnologically relevant glycosyl hydrolases, a putative GH10 endo-β-1,4-xylanase, Xyl10E, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Functional analysis of the recombinant metagenome-derived enzyme showed high specificity towards beechwood xylan (288.1 IU/mg), with the optimum activity at 50 °C and a pH-activity range from 5 to 10. These characteristics suggest that Xy110E may be a promising candidate for further development in lignocellulose deconstruction applications.
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romero-victorica2020neotropicalscientific Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Romero Victorica, Matias;Soria, Marcelo A;Batista-García, Ramón Alberto;Ceja-Navarro, Javier A;Vikram, Surendra;Ortiz, Maximiliano;Ontañon, Ornella;Ghio, Silvina;Martínez-Ávila, Liliana;Quintero García, Omar Jasiel;Etcheverry, Clara;Campos, Eleonora;Cowan, Donald;Arneodo, Joel;Talia, Paola M;
Journal Scientific reports
Year 2020
DOI
10.1038/s41598-020-60850-5
URL
Keywords
Hypoxia Biodegradation gene expression bioethanol lignocellulose transcription factor carbohydrate-active enzymes basidiomycota fungal metabolism phlebia radiata

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