Interrelation of risk factors and occurrence of a possible fracture in patients with osteoporosis

Introduction Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural damage to bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and increased susceptibility to fractures. In Romania, menopause was found 10 years earlier than the internationally accepted limit, which increases the risk of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is the result of bone loss that correlates with age and can begin after the 4th decade of life. Material and method. The study was conducted over a 12-month period in a total of 29 female patients diagnosed with osteoporosis. The study was conducted in an ambulatory regime and respected ethical and deontological principles. The demographic data of the study group consisted of age, lifestyle, professional training, body mass index. Pain (visual analogue scale), lumbar mobility (Schober test), patients’ quality of life (QOL scale) were also evaluated. Clinical data correlated with bone mineral density (DEXA test). Patients received drug therapy with bisphosphonates. Results. The patients participating in the study were 62 years old (62 ± 5.51). Depending on the living environment, there was a higher rate of osteoporosis in the rural area with 15 patients (51.72%) than the urban one with 14 patients (48.28%). The values of the t-student test were statistically significant for the spine in the study group (p = 0.002) and the control group (p = 0.0001) Conclusions. The study was based on the use of diagnostic utility indices such as bone mineral density, the data correlated with the DEXA investigation and the risk of fracture, but also on the evaluation of risk factors influencing the possible production of a fracture in a person with osteoporosis. Applying a physical exercise program can influence the patient's physical and mental condition with osteoporosis, lowering morbidity and increasing the quality of life