Effect of tongue-strengthening training combined with a tablet personal computer game in healthy adults.

Game-based training has been shown to improve behavioral motor learning in various medical fields including rehabilitation.This study aimed to investigate the effects of a tablet PC (personal computer) game-based tongue training on tongue strength, thickness, and compliance in healthy adults.This study recruited 30 healthy volunteers. Subjects were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n=15/group). Group 1 performed game-based tongue training, and group 2 performed tongue resistance training using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument. Both groups performed the same tongue exercises as follows: frequency (isotonic = 30 times × 3, isometric = 20 seconds × 3), intensity (70% of 1-repeated maximum contraction), and intervention period (5 days for 6 weeks). The primary outcomes were tongue muscle strength and thickness. Secondary outcomes were assessed using a 0-to-10 numerical rating self-report scale that included motivation, interest/fun, physical effort, and muscle fatigue/pain.Both groups showed significant improvement in tongue strength and thickness, but there were no significant differences between the groups after the intervention. The self-report scale numerical rating revealed that group 1 had significantly higher motivation and interest/fun after the exercise than group 2. Group 1 had expended a significantly lower physical effort than group 2. No significant differences were noted between the 2 groups for muscle fatigue/pain.This study showed that both exercises had similar effects on tongue strength and thickness increase in healthy adults, but game-based tongue training was more fun and physically less demanding.