Acute exposure to diesel affects inflammation and vascular function.

急性暴露于柴油会影响炎症和血管功能。

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ID: 87572
2020
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Abstract
Diesel exhaust fumes represent one of the most common toxic pollutants. The prolonged effects of acute exposure to this pollutant on inflammatory status and vascular properties are unknown.During a 2-h session, 40 healthy subjects were exposed to diesel exhaust fumes and/or filtered air. Endothelial function was assessed with flow mediated dilation, arterial stiffness with pulse wave velocity and reflected waves with augmentation index. C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, protein C levels and protein S activity were also measured. Standard deviation of normal to normal R-R intervals (SDNN) was used to assess heart rate variability. Measurements were assessed before exposure and 2 and 24 h after diesel exposure.Compared with filtered air, exposure to diesel exhaust fumes decreased flow mediated dilation and increased pulse wave velocity and augmentation index up to 24 h after the exposure ( < 0.001 for all). Similarly, compared with filtered air, diesel exhaust exposure impaired SDNN during the 24-h study period ( = 0.007). C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels were significantly increased after diesel exhaust exposure while protein C levels and protein S activity decreased ( < 0.01 for all). Exposure to diesel exhaust fumes resulted in higher C-reactive protein concentration in smokers compared with non-smokers ( < 0.001).Short-term exposure to diesel exhaust fumes has a prolonged adverse impact on endothelial function and vascular wall properties, along with impaired heart rate variability, abnormal fibrinolytic activity and increased markers of inflammation. These findings give insights into the mechanisms underlining the increased cardiovascular risk of subjects regularly exposed to diesel exhaust fumes.
柴油机尾气是最常见的有毒污染物之一。急性暴露于该污染物对机体炎症状态和血管特性的持续性影响尚不明确。在为期2小时的试验中，40名健康受试者暴露于柴油机尾气和/或过滤空气中。研究采用血流介导的血管舒张功能评估内皮功能，脉搏波传导速度评估动脉僵硬度，增强指数评估反射波；同时测定了C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原、蛋白C水平及蛋白S活性；并使用正常RR间期标准差（SDNN）评估心率变异性。所有指标均在暴露前以及柴油尾气暴露后2小时和24小时进行检测。与过滤空气相比，暴露于柴油机尾气导致受试者在暴露后长达24小时内血流介导的血管舒张功能降低，脉搏波传导速度和增强指数升高（均 < 0.001）。同样，在24小时的研究期内，与过滤空气相比，柴油机尾气暴露损害了SDNN（ = 0.007）。柴油机尾气暴露后，受试者C反应蛋白和纤维蛋白原水平显著升高，而蛋白C水平和蛋白S活性降低（均 < 0.01）。与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者暴露于柴油机尾气后C反应蛋白浓度更高（ < 0.001）。短期暴露于柴油机尾气对内皮功能和血管壁特性具有长期的不良影响，并伴随心率变异性受损、纤溶活性异常及炎症标志物升高。这些发现有助于阐明规律性暴露于柴油机尾气的人群心血管风险增加的潜在机制。
Reference Key
tousoulis2020acuteeuropean Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Dimitris Tousoulis, Petros Fountoulakis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Charalambos Antoniades, Gerasimos Siasos, Sotirios Tsalamandris, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Zoi Pallantza, Efthimia Pavlou, Antigoni Milliou, Margarita N Assimakopoulos, Nikolaos Barmparesos, Ioannis Giannarakis, Pinelopi Siamata, Juan C Kaski
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Journal european journal of preventive cardiology
Year 2020
DOI
10.1177/2047487319898020
URL
Keywords
inflammation endothelial function diesel exhaust fumes prothrombotic status vascular wall properties

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