Analyzing Apomorphine-Mediated Effects in a Cell Model for Parkinson's Disease with Partial Least Squares Structure Equation Modeling.

Genome-wide gene expression data for cell model of Parkinson's disease (PD) have considerably improved our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in cell death during PD neurodegeneration. Apomorphine (APOM), a nonselective dopamine agonist, has been used to treat patients with advanced PD showing no response to levodopa or other dopamine agonists. Although APOM plays a role as a free radical scavenger with neuroprotective effect, it has been reported that long-term use of APOM in PD treatment brings about side effects such as nausea and orthostatic hypotension. For safe use of APOM in PD treatment, it is crucial to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of APOM in PD. In this study, two groups of microarray data including PD cell model and APOM added PD cell model were used to survey mediation effects of APOM in PD cell model. Mediation analysis between disease genes obtained from PD cell model and drug genes obtained from APOM added PD cell model was carried out with shortest path model on KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways and partial least squares structure equation modeling. Our results suggest that drug genes responding to APOM might contribute to negative regulation of disease genes by direct or indirect ways.