Energy neutrality versus carbon footprint minimization in municipal wastewater treatment plants.

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2019
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Abstract
This work aimed to compare the carbon footprint (CF) of six full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The CF was estimated in the range of 23-100 kg CO per population equivalent. In the total CF, the direct emissions held the highest share (62-74%) for the plants with energy recovery from biogas. In the plants depending entirely on the power grid, the indirect emissions due to energy consumption dominated the total CF (69-72%). The estimated CF was found highly sensitive towards the choice of NO emission factors. A dual effect of external substrates co-digestion on the CF has been presented. After co-digestion, the overall CF decreased by 7% while increasing the biogas production by 17%. While applying the empirical model, the level of energy neutrality was strongly related to the ratio of the indirect to direct emissions.
Reference Key
maktabifard2019energybioresource Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Maktabifard, Mojtaba;Zaborowska, Ewa;Makinia, Jacek;
Journal Bioresource technology
Year 2019
DOI
S0960-8524(19)31876-0
URL
Keywords
co-digestion emission factors greenhouse gases energy recovery nitrous oxide gas

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