RNase L promotes the formation of unique ribonucleoprotein granules distinct from stress granules.

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2020
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Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are ribonucleoprotein (RNP) assemblies that form in eukaryotic cells as a result of limited translation in response to stress. SGs form during viral infection and are thought to promote the antiviral response since many viruses encode inhibitors of SG assembly. However, the antiviral endoribonuclease RNase L also alters SG formation, whereby only small punctate SG-like bodies that we term RNase L-dependent bodies (RLBs) form during RNase L activation. How RLBs relate to SGs and their mode of biogenesis is unknown.  Herein, using immunofluorescence, live-cell imaging, and MS-based analyses, we demonstrate that RLBs represent a unique RNP granule with a protein and RNA composition distinct from that of SGs in response to dsRNA lipofection in human cells. We found that RLBs are also generated independently of SGs and the canonical dsRNA-induced SG biogenesis pathway, as RLBs did not require protein kinase R (PKR), phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 (eIF2α), the SG assembly G3BP paralogs, or release of mRNAs from ribosomes via translation elongation. Unlike the transient interactions between SGs and P-bodies, RLBs and P-bodies extensively and stably interacted. However, despite both RLBs and P-bodies exhibiting liquid-like properties they remained distinct condensates. Taken together, these observations reveal that RNase L promotes the formation of a unique RNP complex that may have roles during the RNase L-mediated antiviral response.
Reference Key
burke2020rnasethe Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Burke, James M;Lester, Evan T;Tauber, Devin;Parker, Roy;
Journal The Journal of biological chemistry
Year 2020
DOI
jbc.RA119.011638
URL
Keywords
innate immunity lipid droplet protein kinase r (pkr) rna degradation rna turnover ribonuclease l (rnase l) double-stranded rna (dsrna) processing body (p-body) stress granule

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