Avaliação dos atributos físicos do solo em consórcio de forrageiras e milho em sucessão com soja em região de cerrados Evaluation of soil physical properties in a forage-corn intercropping in succession with soybean in the cerrado region
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2013
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Abstract
O uso intensivo de áreas do Cerrado para produção agropecuária aliado ao manejo inadequado tem causado degradação dos solos. Nesse sentido há necessidade da incorporação de sistemas sustentáveis como plantio direto e a integração lavoura-pecuária. Este trabalho objetivou identificar o efeito da sucessão de milho+forrageiras e soja nos atributos físicos do solo. Para tanto foi realizado, em área experimental da Unesp, campus de Ilha Solteira, um ensaio composto do consórcio de milho com quatro forrageiras (Brachiaria brizantha,B. ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia e P. maximum cv. Áries) semeadas em três modalidades (na linha de semeadura do milho misturada ao adubo, a lanço simultânea à semeadura do milho e a lanço no estádio V4 do milho) e o milho sem consorciação (testemunha). A soja de verão foi implantada sobre os restos culturais dos tratamentos anteriores. Foram realizadas coletas para determinar a macro e microporosidade, porosidade total e densidade do solo em duas épocas de amostragem, após as colheitas do milho e da soja. Pelos resultados, pôde-se concluir que, em regiões de cerrados, a sucessão de culturas utilizada promoveu a melhoria da macroporosidade, porosidade total e densidade do solo, independentemente da utilização de forrageiras em consórcio com milho.
The intensive use of Cerrado soils for agricultural production coupled with an inadequate management has resulted in soil degradation. This created the need for the introduction of more sustainable systems such as no-tillage and crop-livestock integration. This study analyzed the effect of succession of corn+forage and soybean on soil physical properties. For this purpose, four forages (Brachiaria brizantha, B. ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia, and P. maximum cv. Áries), were sown in an intercropping trial with maize in three modalities (in the corn row mixed with fertilizer; broadcast at corn sowing; and broadcast in corn stage V4) and corn without intercropping (control), in the experimental area of UNESP, campus Ilha Solteira. Summer soybean was sown on the crop remains of previous treatments. To determine macro and microporosity, total porosity and bulk density soil was sampled twice, after the maize and after the soybean harvest. From the results, it was concluded that in Cerrado region, the crop succession improved soil macroporosity, total porosity and bulk density, regardless of the use of forages intercropped with maize.
The intensive use of Cerrado soils for agricultural production coupled with an inadequate management has resulted in soil degradation. This created the need for the introduction of more sustainable systems such as no-tillage and crop-livestock integration. This study analyzed the effect of succession of corn+forage and soybean on soil physical properties. For this purpose, four forages (Brachiaria brizantha, B. ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia, and P. maximum cv. Áries), were sown in an intercropping trial with maize in three modalities (in the corn row mixed with fertilizer; broadcast at corn sowing; and broadcast in corn stage V4) and corn without intercropping (control), in the experimental area of UNESP, campus Ilha Solteira. Summer soybean was sown on the crop remains of previous treatments. To determine macro and microporosity, total porosity and bulk density soil was sampled twice, after the maize and after the soybean harvest. From the results, it was concluded that in Cerrado region, the crop succession improved soil macroporosity, total porosity and bulk density, regardless of the use of forages intercropped with maize.
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| Authors | Mendonça, Veridiana Zocoler de;Mello, Luiz Malcolm Mano de;Andreotti, Marcelo;Pereira, Francisco Cezar Belchor Lages;Lima, Ronaldo Cintra;Filho, Walter Veriano Valério;Yano, Élcio Hiroyoshi; |
| Journal | revista brasileira de ciência do solo |
| Year | 2013 |
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