Child mental health and resilience in the context of socioeconomic disadvantage: results from the Born in Bradford cohort study.

Kesehatan mental dan resiliensi anak dalam konteks ketidakberuntungan sosioekonomi: hasil dari studi kohor Born in Bradford.

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ID: 69606
2019
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Ranked #4 of 12 articles by views in European child & adolescent psychiatry

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Abstract
Socioeconomic disadvantage has been linked to mental health difficulties in children and adolescents, although many children appear to do well despite exposure to financial adversity in childhood. Our study looked at the effects of family financial difficulty on children's mental health outcomes (n = 636) at 4-5 years in a multi-ethnic UK cohort, the Born in Bradford cohort. We considered potential parent and child variables promoting resilience in this population. Univariate linear regression was used to identify associations between family financial difficulty measured antenatally and child mental health difficulties measured by teacher-rated Strengths and Difficulties (SDQ) scores at 4-5 years. Hierarchical multivariate regression was used to test for potential moderating effects of parent and child factors. Mothers completed the General Health Questionnaire-28, Kessler-6 Questionnaire and questions related to parenting warmth, hostility and confidence. Parent-rated Infant Characteristic Questionnaires and teacher-rated Early Years Foundation Stage scores provided information on child temperament, literacy and physical development as potential moderators. Financial difficulty was associated with worse mental health outcomes in children. High parent warmth, high child literacy scores and physical development scores were all associated with positive child mental health outcomes at 4-5 years. In terms of protective effects, only maternal warmth was found to significantly moderate the relationship between financial difficulty and child mental health difficulties. The current study demonstrates that family financial difficulty is associated with poorer child mental health outcomes in a UK cohort of mothers and their school-aged children. It provides evidence of the positive relationships between warm parenting, child literacy and child physical development with mental health in young children. The study supports the finding that warm parenting moderates the relationship between family financial difficulty and interventions supporting this aspect of parenting may therefore provide particular benefit to children growing up in this context.
Kondisi sosioekonomi yang kurang menguntungkan telah dikaitkan dengan masalah kesehatan mental pada anak-anak dan remaja, meskipun banyak anak tampak dapat berkembang dengan baik terlepas dari paparan kesulitan finansial pada masa kanak-kanak. Penelitian kami mengkaji pengaruh kesulitan finansial keluarga terhadap luaran kesehatan mental anak (n = 636) pada usia 4–5 tahun dalam sebuah kohor multietnis di Inggris, yaitu kohor Born in Bradford. Kami mempertimbangkan variabel potensial dari orang tua dan anak yang mendorong resiliensi pada populasi ini. Regresi linier univariat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kesulitan finansial keluarga yang diukur secara antenatal dan masalah kesehatan mental anak yang diukur melalui skor Strengths and Difficulties (SDQ) berdasarkan penilaian guru pada usia 4–5 tahun. Regresi multivariat hierarkis digunakan untuk menguji potensi efek moderasi dari faktor orang tua dan anak. Para ibu melengkapi General Health Questionnaire-28, Kuesioner Kessler-6, serta pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan kehangatan, permusuhan, dan rasa percaya diri dalam pengasuhan. Infant Characteristic Questionnaire yang dinilai oleh orang tua dan skor Early Years Foundation Stage yang dinilai oleh guru menyediakan informasi mengenai temperamen, literasi, dan perkembangan fisik anak sebagai moderator potensial. Kesulitan finansial dikaitkan dengan luaran kesehatan mental anak yang lebih buruk. Tingkat kehangatan orang tua yang tinggi, skor literasi anak yang tinggi, dan skor perkembangan fisik yang tinggi semuanya berkaitan dengan luaran kesehatan mental anak yang positif pada usia 4–5 tahun. Terkait efek protektif, hanya kehangatan ibu yang ditemukan secara signifikan memoderasi hubungan antara kesulitan finansial dan masalah kesehatan mental anak. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan finansial keluarga berhubungan dengan luaran kesehatan mental anak yang lebih buruk dalam kohor ibu dan anak usia sekolah di Inggris. Studi ini memberikan bukti mengenai hubungan positif antara pengasuhan yang hangat, literasi anak, dan perkembangan fisik anak dengan kesehatan mental pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini mendukung temuan bahwa pengasuhan yang hangat memoderasi dampak dari kesulitan finansial keluarga; oleh karena itu, intervensi yang mendukung aspek pengasuhan ini dapat memberikan manfaat khusus bagi anak-anak yang tumbuh dalam konteks tersebut.
Reference Key
kirby2019childeuropean Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Kirby, Natalie;Wright, Barry;Allgar, Victoria;
Journal European child & adolescent psychiatry
Year 2019
DOI
10.1007/s00787-019-01348-y
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