Withaninsams A and B: Phenylpropanoid Esters from the Roots of Indian Ginseng (Withania somnifera).

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ID: 69448
2019
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Abstract
(L.) Dunal (Solanaceae), known as Indian ginseng or ashwagandha, has been used in Indian Ayurveda for the treatment of a variety of disorders, such as diabetes and reproductive and nervous system disorders. It is particularly used as a general health tonic, analgesic, and sedative. As part of continuing projects to discover unique bioactive natural products from medicinal plants, phytochemical investigation of the roots of combined with a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based analysis has led to the isolation of two novel phenylpropanoid esters, Withaninsams A (1) and B (2), as an inseparable mixture, along with three known phenolic compounds (3, 4, and 6) and a pyrazole alkaloid (5). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESIMS). Withaninsams A (1) and B (2) are phenylpropanoid esters that contain a side chain, 4-methyl-1,4-pentanediol unit. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report on phenylpropanoid esters with 4-methyl-1,4-pentanediol unit. The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds (1-6) was evaluated by determining their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, where compound 3 inhibited LPS-induced NO production (IC = 33.3 μM) and TNF-α production, a pro-inflammatory cytokine (IC = 40.9 μM). The anti-inflammatory mechanism through the inhibition of transcriptional iNOS protein expression was confirmed by western blotting experiments for the active compound , which showed decreased iNOS protein expression.
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baek2019withaninsamsplants Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Baek, Su Cheol;Lee, Seoyoung;Kim, Sil;Jo, Mun Seok;Yu, Jae Sik;Ko, Yoon-Joo;Cho, Young-Chang;Kim, Ki Hyun;
Journal Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
Year 2019
DOI
E527
URL
Keywords
nitric oxide inducible nitric oxide synthase withania somnifera withaninsams a and b phenylpropanoid esters

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