Radiological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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ID: 6673
2014
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Abstract
Radiological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma Irene Bargellini, Valentina Battaglia, Elena Bozzi, Dario Luca Lauretti, Giulia Lorenzoni, Carlo Bartolozzi Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy Abstract: Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains a challenging issue. In the setting of liver cirrhosis, international guidelines have set the noninvasive criteria for HCC diagnosis, represented by the detection of contrast hyperenhancement in the arterial phase (wash-in) and hypoenhancement in the portal or delayed phase (wash-out) with dynamic multidetector computer tomography or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Although highly specific, this typical enhancement pattern has relatively low sensitivity, since approximately one-third of HCC nodules are characterized by atypical enhancement patterns. In atypical HCC nodules larger than 1 cm, the majority of international guidelines recommend liver biopsy. However, there is an increasing interest in exploiting new noninvasive diagnostic tools, to increase the sensitivity of radiological diagnosis of HCC. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging and MR hepatobiliary contrast agents may represent useful tools for the detection and characterization of borderline hypovascular lesions by providing functional information such as water molecule motion in diffusion-weighted imaging and residual hepatobiliary function, which can be impaired early during the course of hepatocarcinogenesis. Also, dual-energy computed tomography (CT) represents an interesting new CT technology that could increase detectability and conspicuity of hypervascular lesions, thus possibly improving CT sensitivity in small HCCs. However, more data and further developments are needed to verify the usefulness of these new technologies in the diagnosis of HCC and to translate these recent advances into clinical practice. Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, computed tomography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, liver cirrhosis, contrast agents
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irene2014radiologicaljournal Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Irene Bargellini;Valentina Battaglia;Elena Bozzi;Dario Luca Lauretti;Giulia Lorenzoni;Carlo Bartolozzi and
Journal journal of hepatocellular carcinoma
Year 2014
DOI
10.2147/JHC.S44379
URL
Keywords Keywords not found

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