Biomolecular Condensates in Neurodegeneration and Cancer.

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ID: 60780
2019
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Abstract
The intracellular environment is partitioned into functionally distinct compartments containing specific sets of molecules and reactions. Biomolecular condensates, also referred to as membrane-less organelles, are diverse and abundant cellular compartments that lack membranous enclosures. Molecules assemble into condensates by phase separation; multivalent weak interactions drive molecules to separate from their surroundings and concentrate in discrete locations. Biomolecular condensates exist in all eukaryotes and in prokaryotes, and participate in various essential house-keeping, stress-response, and cell type-specific processes. Increasing number of recent studies link abnormal condensate formation, composition, and material properties to a number of disease states. In this review, we discuss current knowledge and models describing the regulation of condensates and how they become dysregulated in neurodegeneration and cancer. Further research on the regulation of biomolecular phase separation will help us to better understand their role in cell physiology and disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Authors Spannl, Stephanie;Tereshchenko, Maria;Mastromarco, Giovanni J;Ihn, Sean J;Lee, Hyun O;
Journal traffic
Year 2019
DOI
10.1111/tra.12704
URL
Keywords
Cancer phase separation phase transition neurodegeneration disease biomolecular condensates membrane-less organelles

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