Excessive nitrogen impairs hydraulics, limits photosynthesis, and alters the metabolic composition of almond trees.

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ID: 54735
2019
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Abstract
Horticulture nitrogen (N) runoffs are major environmental and health concerns, but current farming practices cannot detect ineffective N applications. Hence, we set to recognize high N conditions and characterize their effects on the physiology of almond trees grown in drainage lysimeters. Water and nutrients mass balances exhibited that N benefitted almond trees in a limited range (below 60 mg N L in irrigation), while higher N conditions (over a 100 mg N L) reduced evapotranspiration (ET) by 50% and inherently constrained N uptake. Respectively, whole-tree hydraulic conductance reduced by 37%, and photosynthesis by 17%, which implied that high N concentrations could damage trees. Through gas-chromatography, we realized that high N conditions also affected components of the citric acid cycle (TCA) and carbohydrates availability. Such changes in the metabolic composition of roots and leaves probably interfered with N assimilation and respiration. It also determined the proportions between N and starch in almond leaves, which formed a new index (N:ST) that starts at 0.4 in N deficiency and reaches 0.6-0.8 in optimal N conditions. Importantly, this index continues to increase in higher N conditions (as starch reduces) and essentially indicates to excessive N applications when it exceeds 1.1.
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sperling2019excessiveplant Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Sperling, Or;Karunakaran, Ranjith;Erel, Ran;Yasuor, Hagai;Klipcan, Liron;Yermiyahu, Uri;
Journal Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
Year 2019
DOI
S0981-9428(19)30336-5
URL
Keywords
nutrition carbohydrates transpiration

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