Effects of Internet and Smartphone Addictions on Depression and Anxiety Based on Propensity Score Matching Analysis

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2018
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Abstract
The associations of Internet addiction (IA) and smartphone addiction (SA) with mental health problems have been widely studied. We investigated the effects of IA and SA on depression and anxiety while adjusting for sociodemographic variables. In this study, 4854 participants completed a cross-sectional web-based survey including socio-demographic items, the Korean Scale for Internet Addiction, the Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale, and the subscales of the Symptom Checklist 90 Items-Revised. The participants were classified into IA, SA, and normal use (NU) groups. To reduce sampling bias, we applied the propensity score matching method based on genetics matching. The IA group showed an increased risk of depression (relative risk 1.207; p < 0.001) and anxiety (relative risk 1.264; p < 0.001) compared to NUs. The SA group also showed an increased risk of depression (relative risk 1.337; p < 0.001) and anxiety (relative risk 1.402; p < 0.001) compared to NCs. These findings show that both, IA and SA, exerted significant effects on depression and anxiety. Moreover, our findings showed that SA has a stronger relationship with depression and anxiety, stronger than IA, and emphasized the need for prevention and management policy of the excessive smartphone use.
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kim2018effectsinternational Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Kim, Yeon-Jin;Jang, Hye Min;Lee, Youngjo;Lee, Donghwan;Kim, Dai-Jin;
Journal International journal of environmental research and public health
Year 2018
DOI
DOI not found
URL
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/5/859
Keywords
Medicine (General) Medicine Technology Science psychology social sciences (general) social pathology. social and public welfare. criminology communication. mass media bibliography. library science. information resources military science

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