First Evidence of Infection in Sheep from Egypt.

Trichostrongylid nematodes are a common cause of gastroenteritis in sheep. Despite its worldwide distribution, has not been included in reports listing the various trichostrongyles infecting sheep from Egypt. Herein, we describe the presence of 2 haplotypes infecting small ruminants from Egypt. For this study, fresh fecal samples were collected from 340 sheep and 115 goats reared at 5 districts in Dakahlia governorate and its surroundings, Egypt. Trichostrongyle eggs were harvested from the samples, and then subjected to DNA isolation and analysis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was carried out for the second internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA (). Purified PCR products of were sequenced, and the revealed sequences were subjected to the nucleotide and phylogenetic analysis. A relatively high prevalence of trichostrongyles eggs was identified in sheep (33.2%) and a lower prevalence was found in goats (14.7%). Molecular analysis revealed, for the first time, 2 sheep herds from Egypt that were infected with . Both infected herds were raised by the Bedouins in rural areas of El Mahalla El Kubra city. No infections were found in any of the goats. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed 2 haplotypes (Te1 and Te2) from 7 successfully sequenced samples (5 from the first and 2 from the second herd). Te1 was the major haplotype in both herds, and Te2 was retrieved from a single sample. Phylogenetic analysis displayed that the Te1 haplotype clustered with one from Cyprus, which might have been introduced to Egypt via goats imported from Cyprus due to a program to improve meat and milk production in Egypt. The present results could be beneficial in understanding the epidemiology of and other trichostrongyles in Egypt, and have implementations in the effective control strategies used in this region.