De la resistencia a la participación: El impacto de los amicus curiae en el litigio ambiental y climático interamericano

Abstract This article examines the relationship between judicial dissent, participation, and authority at the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) in the highly complex and contentious field of environmental and climate litigation, with particular attention to Advisory Opinion OC-32/25. It proposes the analytical category of “competence resistance” to identify dissenting opinions that challenge the Court’s authority to progressively develop new rights and conventional standards. Drawing on informational, attitudinal, and interest-group models, the article empirically examines the influence of amicus curiae participation. The analysis shows that broad, diverse, and technically specialized participation does not necessarily eliminate internal resistance within the IACtHR but can contribute to reshaping and moderating the argumentative and institutional conditions in which such resistance unfolds, thereby strengthening the Court’s judicial authority.