Motherhood and Constraints during Job Search

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ID: 337329
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Why do women’s labour earnings drop upon motherhood? We shed new light on this question by analysing the changes in job search behaviour associated with motherhood. We exploit data on the job applications sent on a popular online platform linked with administrative registers for 350,000 involuntarily unemployed workers in France. After losing their job, mothers have a 11.7% lower probability to find a job than similar women without children and send 12.2% fewer job applications. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we analyse the timing of job applications. Unlike other women, mothers’ rate of applications decreases by about 20.5% in the hours when there is no school. Moreover, the French reform that introduced school on Wednesday in 2014 led mothers to send more applications on Wednesdays. Our results highlight that childcare creates constraints on the timing of job search activities for mothers. We finally provide suggestive evidence that these constraints decrease their return-to-search, and thereby contribute to their lower application and job finding rates.
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openalex_W7160676663 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Arnaud Philippe, Daphné Skandalis
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Journal the economic journal
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/ej/ueag137
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag137
Keywords Keywords not found

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