Environmental microbial communities and host selection shape larval microbiomes

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ID: 333619
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Ocean warming is altering abiotic environments and biotic interactions experienced by marine organisms, where sensitive early developmental windows occur in biologically complex seawater communities. The impact of these interactions on developmental processes and fitness in hosts is not well understood, but likely contingent on the establishment of a host-associated microbiome. Here, we hypothesize that temperature and microbial exposure during embryogenesis influence larval microbiome assembly and host morphology. Strongylocentrotus purpuratus embryos were raised in low microbial richness (LMR) or high microbial richness (HMR) seawater at ambient (14 °C) or elevated (18 °C) temperature, then collected at 2, 4, and 6 days post-fertilization (dpf) following multiple feedings. Higher microbial diversity was observed in larvae that developed in HMR seawater when compared to LMR. Differences in relative abundances of dominant microbial families between seawater and larvae suggest some degree of host selectivity in microbiome assembly. Temperature did not strongly alter microbiome composition, but both temperature and microbial condition led to differences in larval morphology by 6 dpf, potentially due to enrichment of microbes with chemoheterotrophic functions. By linking how temperature and microbial communities interact with host development, we contribute novel insights into how early-life environmental conditions impact holobiont formation and morphology.
Reference Key
openalex_W7223385340 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors
Journal fems microbiology ecology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/femsec/fiag118
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