Anti-annexin A5 Autoantibodies in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (HIV-PAH): A Case-Control Study

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ID: 333405
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Autoantibody profiles in HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (HIV-PAH) remain poorly characterized. Using a validated proteomic pipeline (two-dimensional immunoblot, mass spectrometry, ELISA), we compared 20 HIV-PAH patients with 20 HIV controls without PAH. Anti-annexin A5 (AnxA5) autoantibodies were present in 55% of HIV-PAH patients versus 0% of controls (P < .001) and anti-14-3-3ε in 35% versus 5% (P = .04), despite comparable HIV duration, CD4 counts, and virological control. Both remained associated with PAH after adjustment for coinfections. These autoantibodies mirror those described in connective-tissue-disease-PAH, suggesting a possible overlap in autoimmune features and a research biomarker warranting prospective validation.
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Authors Benjamin Thoreau, Arthur Renaud, Philippe Chafey, Guilhem Clary, Morgane Le Gall, Cédric Broussard, Odile Launay, David Launay, Eric Hachulla, Christophe Deligny, Alban‐Elouen Baruteau, Anaïs Vallet‐Pichard, Benjamin Chaigne, Azzeddine Yaici, Olivier Sitbon, David Montani, Marc J.C. Humbert, Luc Mouthon
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Journal The Journal of infectious diseases
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiag470
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag470
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