THE ROLE OF APPENDICULAR SKELETAL MUSCLE INDEX, SKELETAL MUSCLE-TO-FAT MASS RATIO, AND CONICITY INDEX IN DETERMINING 10-YEAR CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AS ASSESSED BY SCORE2

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ID: 331303
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Background and Aims Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk models such as SCORE2 rely mainly on traditional risk factors and may not fully reflect the influence of body composition. Evidence suggests that skeletal muscle mass and fat distribution are important determinants of cardiometabolic risk. This study evaluated the associations of appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), skeletal muscle-to-fat mass ratio (SMFR), and conicity index (CI) with 10-year CVD risk estimated using SCORE2 in adults without established cardiovascular disease. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 adults from three regions in Indonesia. ASMI, SMFR, and CI were obtained from standardized anthropometric and body composition measurements. Ten-year CVD risk was calculated using SCORE2. Multiple linear regression analysis assessed independent associations between body composition indices and SCORE2 scores. Results ASMI was inversely associated with SCORE2 (β = −0.685, standardized β = −1.083, p < 0.001), indicating lower estimated risk with higher skeletal muscle mass. SMFR also showed a significant negative association (β = −2.764, standardized β = −0.614, p < 0.001). In contrast, CI was positively associated with SCORE2 (β = 0.100, standardized β = 0.524, p < 0.05), reflecting increased risk with central adiposity. The regression model was significant (F(3,377) = 254.83, p < 0.001) and explained 67.0% of the variance in SCORE2 scores. Conclusion ASMI, SMFR, and CI independently contribute to SCORE2-based CVD risk estimation, suggesting that the integration of body composition derived indices may enhance cardiovascular risk stratification by capturing muscle-fat balance and central adiposity beyond conventional risk factors.Figure 1.Annotated correlation heatmap illustrating the relationships between SCORE2 and anthropometric/body composition parameters, including appendicular muscle mass index (ASMI), conicity index (CI), body weight, height, appendicular muscle mass (AM), visceral fat (VF), and total fat (TF).
Reference Key
openalex_W7220435521 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors N R H Wijaya, A Priyana, Y Firmansyah
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Journal European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suag119.012
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suag119.012
Keywords Keywords not found

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