Study of hammer dynamic response and compaction settlement in highway soft-foundation treatment using the dynamic replacement method

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ID: 328513
2026
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Abstract
Abstract For mountainous soft-soil foundations in Guizhou, China, the dynamic replacement (DR) method is widely used for foundation reinforcement in highway construction. However, the uneven distribution of soft soil layers necessitates adjustment of trial-based compaction criteria according to thickness variations, reducing construction efficiency. Field tests were performed on a mountainous highway project in Guizhou, and a calculation model for single-blow compaction settlement based on hammer acceleration evolution was established. Variations in single-blow and cumulative compaction settlement with blow count and backfilling cycle were analyzed, and the proposed model was validated. The results reveal that hammer acceleration time-history curves comprise four stages: free-fall, compaction, rebound, and oscillation, with energy transfer predominantly occurring during the compaction and rebound stages. Initial compaction blows exhibit large single-blow compaction settlements, accompanied by hammer entrapment and energy absorption. The mid-to-late stages of the compaction process show a decline in single-blow compaction settlement with increasing compaction blows. The single-blow compaction settlement decreases with increasing compaction blows under the same backfilling cycle. The optimized strategy involves larger backfill volumes with fewer blows initially and smaller backfill volumes with more blows subsequently. The hammer acceleration-based single compaction settlement calculation model agrees closely with field measurements, confirming its reliability. This study provides theoretical guidance for determining compaction criteria for mountainous soft-foundation treatment.
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Authors Guifang Qin, Zheng Liu, Xiangchuan Zhang, Shaolong Li, Rusong Nie
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Journal Transportation Safety and Environment
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/tse/tdag051
URL
https://academic.oup.com/tse/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/tse/tdag051/71032568/tdag051.pdf
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