Clinical characteristics of patients with extrapulmonary and disseminated tuberculosis: a 23-year retrospective cohort study in non-HIV patients without pharmacological immunosuppression

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ID: 328335
2026
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Abstract
Abstract This retrospective study of 250 Mexican HIV-negative patients without pharmacological immunosuppression, with extrapulmonary (EPTB) or disseminated (DTB) tuberculosis, found that overall all-cause mortality was 18% (10% in EPTB vs 25% in DTB, p=0.007). Cardiovascular disease (OR 4.30 [1.37-13.11], p=0.01), cirrhosis (OR 5.07 [1.37-18.06], p=0.01), CNS involvement (OR 3.33 [1.13-9.58], p=0.03), mycobacteremia (OR 14.14 [2.80-82.56], p=0.002), and intensive care unit admission (OR 7.68 [2.92-20.83], p<0.001) were independent risk factors for all-cause 24-month related mortality. The most affected organs were the gastrointestinal tract (34%, 86/250), lymph nodes (34%, 84/250), and genitourinary tract (21%, 53/250). Mycobacteremia occurred in 4% (9/250).
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Authors Brenda Aceves-Sánchez, Sandra Rajme‐López, Bernardo Alfonso Martínez-Guerra, Héctor Rivera-Villegas, Carla M. Román‐Montes, Karla M. Tamez‐Torres, Luz E González-Vázquez, Sebastián Guadarrama-Torres, Oswaldo Lazcano-Delgadillo, Rafael Nares-López, Zurisadai Segura-Ortíz, Karen M. Tepo-Ponce, María Fernanda González-Lara, Bárbara Chávez‐Mazari, Miriam Bobadilla-del-Valle, José Sifuentes‐Osornio, Alfredo Ponce‐de‐León
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Journal Open forum infectious diseases
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/ofid/ofag576
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag576
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