Lifestyle phenotypes associated with sudden cardiac arrest in the community: a multicentre case-control study

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2026
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Abstract
Abstract Aims Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) often occurs in individuals without diagnosed cardiovascular disease, suggesting conventional risk assessment may overlook behavioural contexts. We examined whether co-occurring lifestyle behaviours formed distinct phenotypes associated with SCA. Methods We analysed data from a prospective multicentre case-control study conducted in South Korea (2017–2023) including out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac aetiology and community controls frequency-matched by age, sex, and residential area. Seven lifestyle indicators were assessed: smoking, physical activity, sleep duration, and intake of red meat, fish, fruit, and vegetables. Latent class analysis identified lifestyle phenotypes, and odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using a single fully adjusted logistic regression model informed by a directed acyclic graph. Results The primary analysis included 1,466 cases and 2,619 controls, identifying five phenotypes. The reference class (C2) showed the lowest observed proportion of SCA and a predominantly middle-frequency dietary pattern. Compared with C2, fully adjusted odds of SCA were higher for C1 (OR, 1.48; 95% confidence interval: 1.13–1.94) and C3 (1.95; 1.60–2.39), and markedly higher for C4 (8.93; 6.75–11.81) and C5 (15.20; 11.19–20.64). C5 was characterised by high reported intake frequency across food groups, particularly red meat and fish; C4 combined current smoking, physical inactivity, and inadequate sleep with low reported intake frequency across food groups. Conclusion Cluster-derived lifestyle phenotypes were associated with differing odds of SCA. Although causal effects and absolute risk cannot be inferred from this case-control design, these multidomain patterns may help characterise behavioural profiles associated with SCA and inform future prevention research.
Reference Key
openalex_W7208784273 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Gyo Jin Ahn, Kyoung‐Chul Cha, Sung Oh Hwang
Journal european journal of preventive cardiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/eurjpc/zwag462
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwag462
Keywords Keywords not found

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