Beyond Cholesterol: Regression of Carotid Plaques in an Adolescent-A Case Report

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ID: 325606
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Background Sitosterolemia is a rare lipid disorder characterized by massive accumulation of phytosterols.Due to its non-specific clinical features and the lack of routine sterol quantification, diagnostic delays are common, leading to inappropriate dietary interventions that may paradoxically accelerate vascular damage. Case Summary We herein describe the case of a 13-year-old boy with sitosterolemia and early-onset atherosclerosis against a background of a 7-year diagnostic delay. Following the identification of a paradoxical pro-atherogenic effect of a standard lipid-lowering diet, treatment with a plant-oil-restricted diet and cholestyramine resulted in a 51.7% reduction in carotid plaque thickness. Discussion This case highlights the necessity of screening for sitosterolemia in pediatric patients with unexplained carotid plaque. Plaque resolution was achieved only after replacing conventional lipid-lowering strategies with targeted phytosterol-lowering interventions and specialized dietary modifications.
Reference Key
openalex_W7203781396 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Chaochun Zou, Meng-Qin Pan, Min Wang
Journal European Heart Journal - Case Reports
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/ehjcr/ytag603
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcr/ytag603
Keywords Keywords not found

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