Personality Traits and Physical Activity in Middle-aged and Older Adults: A Rapid Review of Evidence and Interventions

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ID: 324417
2026
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Promoting physical activity (PA) is essential for health in middle-aged and older adults, yet global activity levels remain low. While personality is a recognised determinant of PA in the general adult population, personality-PA associations and personality-informed interventions in middle-aged and older adults remain under-explored. This rapid review aimed to synthesise evidence on Five-Factor Model personality traits and PA outcomes in adults aged ≥40 years and to explore trait-tailored interventions for this group. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, systematic searches of PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were conducted through May 2025. A narrative synthesis approach was used to analyse eligible observational or intervention studies. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool Version 2018. RESULTS: Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Extraversion was consistently linked to higher PA across age groups, while neuroticism exhibited negative associations primarily in middle and older adulthood. Conscientiousness demonstrated positive relationships that strengthened with age, and openness was associated with PA primarily during transitional life stages. Evidence for agreeableness remained inconclusive. Only two PA interventions incorporated personality traits, highlighting a critical research gap. These preliminary findings suggest that intervention efficacy may depend on traits, with a digital self-control programme benefiting highly conscientious individuals and an exergame programme particularly motivating less extraverted participants. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Personality traits influence PA engagement in middle-aged and older adults, with relationships varying by trait and life stage. These findings provide a foundation for developing personality-informed interventions aimed at enhancing PA engagement in ageing populations.
Reference Key
openalex_W7201980905 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Keqin Chu, Jasmine Montayre, Patrick Pui Kin Kor, Jed Montayre
Journal the gerontologist
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/geront/gnag173
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnag173
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